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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltam | om ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltat | ot ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕalteʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltəna | ona/ogəna ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltəda | oda/ogəda ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltət | ogət ʃint͡ɕalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltəm | ʃəm ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕalte | əʃ ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltna | əʃna ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltda | əʃda ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltət͡ɕ | əʃt ʃint͡ɕalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltənam | ʃint͡ɕaltən oməl |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltənat | ʃint͡ɕaltən otəl |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltən | ʃint͡ɕaltən ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənːa | ʃint͡ɕaltən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənda | ʃint͡ɕaltən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənət | ʃint͡ɕaltən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltam əʎe | om ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltat əʎe | ot ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕalteʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltəna əʎe | ona/ogəna ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltəda əʎe | oda/ogəda ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltət əʎe | ogət ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltam ulmaʃ | om ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltat ulmaʃ | ot ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕalteʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltət ulmaʃ | ogət ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltənam əʎe | ʃint͡ɕaltən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltənat əʎe | ʃint͡ɕaltən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltən əʎe | ʃint͡ɕaltən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənːa əʎe | ʃint͡ɕaltən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənda əʎe | ʃint͡ɕaltən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənət əʎe | ʃint͡ɕaltən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltənam ulmaʃ | ʃint͡ɕaltən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltənat ulmaʃ | ʃint͡ɕaltən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltən ulmaʃ | ʃint͡ɕaltən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənːa ulmaʃ | ʃint͡ɕaltən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənda ulmaʃ | ʃint͡ɕaltən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltənət ulmaʃ | ʃint͡ɕaltən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕalt | it ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltʃe | ənʒe ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 1PL: | (ʃint͡ɕaltəna) | (ona/ogəna ʃint͡ɕalt) |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltsa | ida ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltəʃt | ənəʃt ʃint͡ɕalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltnem | ənem ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltnet | ənet ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltneʒe | əneʒ ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltnena | ənena ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltneda | əneda ʃint͡ɕalt |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltneʃt | əneʃt ʃint͡ɕalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltnem əʎe | ənem ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltnena əʎe | ənet ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltnena əʎe | ənena ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltneda əʎe | əneda ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʃint͡ɕalt əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltnet ulmaʃ | ənet ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃint͡ɕaltneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃint͡ɕaltneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʃint͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʃint͡ɕaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʃint͡ɕaltman |
| Active participle: | ʃint͡ɕaltʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʃint͡ɕaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʃint͡ɕaltʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʃint͡ɕaltdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʃint͡ɕaltən |
| Negative gerund: | ʃint͡ɕaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʃint͡ɕaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʃint͡ɕaltmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʃint͡ɕaltʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʃint͡ɕaltmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʃint͡ɕaltdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||