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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | julam | om jul |
| 2SG: | julat | ot jul |
| 3SG: | juleš | ok/ogeš jul |
| 1PL: | julə̑na | ona/ogə̑na jul |
| 2PL: | julə̑da | oda/ogə̑da jul |
| 3PL: | julə̑t | ogə̑t jul |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jul'ə̑m | šə̑m jul |
| 2SG: | jul'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jul |
| 3SG: | jul'o | ə̑š jul |
| 1PL: | julna | ə̑šna jul |
| 2PL: | julda | ə̑šda jul |
| 3PL: | jul'ə̑č́ | ə̑št jul |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | julə̑nam | julə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | julə̑nat | julə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | julə̑n | julə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | julə̑nna | julə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | julə̑nda | julə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | julə̑nə̑t | julə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | julam ə̑l'e | om jul ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | julat ə̑l'e | ot jul ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | juleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jul ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | julə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jul ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | julə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jul ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | julə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jul ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | julam ulmaš | om jul ulmaš |
| 2SG: | julat ulmaš | ot jul ulmaš |
| 3SG: | juleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš jul ulmaš |
| 1PL: | julə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jul ulmaš |
| 2PL: | julə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jul ulmaš |
| 3PL: | julə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t jul ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | julə̑nam ə̑l'e | julə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | julə̑nat ə̑l'e | julə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | julə̑n ə̑l'e | julə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | julə̑nna ə̑l'e | julə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | julə̑nda ə̑l'e | julə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | julə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | julə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | julə̑nam ulmaš | julə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | julə̑nat ulmaš | julə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | julə̑n ulmaš | julə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | julə̑nna ulmaš | julə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | julə̑nda ulmaš | julə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | julə̑nə̑t ulmaš | julə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jul | it jul |
| 3SG: | julžo | ə̑nže jul |
| 1PL: | (julə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na jul) |
| 2PL: | julza | ida jul |
| 3PL: | julə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jul |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | julnem | ə̑nem jul |
| 2SG: | julnet | ə̑net jul |
| 3SG: | julneže | ə̑než jul |
| 1PL: | julnena | ə̑nena jul |
| 2PL: | julneda | ə̑neda jul |
| 3PL: | julnešt | ə̑nešt jul |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | julnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jul ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | julnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jul ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | julneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jul ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | julnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jul ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | julneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jul ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | julnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jul ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | julnet ulmaš | ə̑net jul ulmaš |
| 3SG: | julneže ulmaš | ə̑než jul ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | julneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jul ulmaš |
| 3PL: | julnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jul ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | julaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | julman |
| Active participle: | julšo |
| Passive participle: | julmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | julšaš |
| Negative participle: | juldə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | julə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | julde |
| Gerund of prior action: | julmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | julmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | julšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | julmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | juldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||