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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltem | om βaʃkalalte |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltet | ot βaʃkalalte |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalalta | ok/ogeʃ βaʃkalalte |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltena | ona/ogəna βaʃkalalte |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalalteda | oda/ogəda βaʃkalalte |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltat | ogət βaʃkalalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltəʃəm | ʃəm βaʃkalalte |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ βaʃkalalte |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalaltəʃ | əʃ βaʃkalalte |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltəʃna | əʃna βaʃkalalte |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalaltəʃda | əʃda βaʃkalalte |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltəʃt | əʃt βaʃkalalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltenam | βaʃkalalten oməl |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltenat | βaʃkalalten otəl |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalalten | βaʃkalalten ogəl |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltenːa | βaʃkalalten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalaltenda | βaʃkalalten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltenət | βaʃkalalten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltem əʎe | om βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltet əʎe | ot βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalalta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltena əʎe | ona/ogəna βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalalteda əʎe | oda/ogəda βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltat əʎe | ogət βaʃkalalte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltem ulmaʃ | om βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltet ulmaʃ | ot βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalalta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalalteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltat ulmaʃ | ogət βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltenam əʎe | βaʃkalalten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltenat əʎe | βaʃkalalten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalalten əʎe | βaʃkalalten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltenːa əʎe | βaʃkalalten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalaltenda əʎe | βaʃkalalten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalalten əʎe | βaʃkalalten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltenam ulmaʃ | βaʃkalalten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltenat ulmaʃ | βaʃkalalten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalalten ulmaʃ | βaʃkalalten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltenːa ulmaʃ | βaʃkalalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalaltenda ulmaʃ | βaʃkalalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalalten ulmaʃ | βaʃkalalten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalalte | it βaʃkalalte |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalaltəʒe | ənʒe βaʃkalalte |
| 1PL: | (βaʃkalaltena) | (ona/ogəna βaʃkalalte) |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalaltəza | ida βaʃkalalte |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltəʃt | ənəʃt βaʃkalalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltənem | ənem βaʃkalalte |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltənet | ənet βaʃkalalte |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalaltəneʒe | əneʒ βaʃkalalte |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltənena | ənena βaʃkalalte |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalaltəneda | əneda βaʃkalalte |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltəneʃt | əneʃt βaʃkalalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βaʃkalaltənem əʎe | ənem βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltənena əʎe | ənet βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalaltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | βaʃkalaltənena əʎe | ənena βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalaltəneda əʎe | əneda βaʃkalalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt βaʃkalalte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βaʃkalaltənet ulmaʃ | ənet βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βaʃkalaltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βaʃkalaltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βaʃkalaltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt βaʃkalalte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βaʃkalaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βaʃkalaltəman |
| Active participle: | βaʃkalaltəʃe |
| Passive participle: | βaʃkalaltəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βaʃkalaltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | βaʃkalaltədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βaʃkalalten |
| Negative gerund: | βaʃkalaltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βaʃkalaltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βaʃkalaltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βaʃkalaltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | βaʃkalaltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | βaʃkalaltədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||