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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatem | om βiktuat |
| 2SG: | βiktuatet | ot βiktuat |
| 3SG: | βiktuata | ok/ogeʃ βiktuat |
| 1PL: | βiktuatena | ona/ogəna βiktuat |
| 2PL: | βiktuateda | oda/ogəda βiktuat |
| 3PL: | βiktuatat | ogət βiktuat |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatəʃəm | ʃəm βiktuat |
| 2SG: | βiktuatəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ βiktuat |
| 3SG: | βiktuatəʃ | əʃ βiktuat |
| 1PL: | βiktuatəʃna | əʃna βiktuat |
| 2PL: | βiktuatəʃda | əʃda βiktuat |
| 3PL: | βiktuatəʃt | əʃt βiktuat |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatenam | βiktuaten oməl |
| 2SG: | βiktuatenat | βiktuaten otəl |
| 3SG: | βiktuaten | βiktuaten ogəl |
| 1PL: | βiktuatenːa | βiktuaten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | βiktuatenda | βiktuaten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | βiktuatenət | βiktuaten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatem əʎe | om βiktuat əʎe |
| 2SG: | βiktuatet əʎe | ot βiktuat əʎe |
| 3SG: | βiktuata əʎe | ok/ogeʃ βiktuat əʎe |
| 1PL: | βiktuatena əʎe | ona/ogəna βiktuat əʎe |
| 2PL: | βiktuateda əʎe | oda/ogəda βiktuat əʎe |
| 3PL: | βiktuatat əʎe | ogət βiktuat əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatem ulmaʃ | om βiktuat ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βiktuatet ulmaʃ | ot βiktuat ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βiktuata ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ βiktuat ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βiktuatena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna βiktuat ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βiktuateda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda βiktuat ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βiktuatat ulmaʃ | ogət βiktuat ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatenam əʎe | βiktuaten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | βiktuatenat əʎe | βiktuaten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | βiktuaten əʎe | βiktuaten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | βiktuatenːa əʎe | βiktuaten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | βiktuatenda əʎe | βiktuaten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | βiktuaten əʎe | βiktuaten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatenam ulmaʃ | βiktuaten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βiktuatenat ulmaʃ | βiktuaten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βiktuaten ulmaʃ | βiktuaten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βiktuatenːa ulmaʃ | βiktuaten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βiktuatenda ulmaʃ | βiktuaten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βiktuaten ulmaʃ | βiktuaten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βiktuat | it βiktuat |
| 3SG: | βiktuatʃe | ənʒe βiktuat |
| 1PL: | (βiktuatena) | (ona/ogəna βiktuat) |
| 2PL: | βiktuatsa | ida βiktuat |
| 3PL: | βiktuatəʃt | ənəʃt βiktuat |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatnem | ənem βiktuat |
| 2SG: | βiktuatnet | ənet βiktuat |
| 3SG: | βiktuatneʒe | əneʒ βiktuat |
| 1PL: | βiktuatnena | ənena βiktuat |
| 2PL: | βiktuatneda | əneda βiktuat |
| 3PL: | βiktuatneʃt | əneʃt βiktuat |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktuatnem əʎe | ənem βiktuat əʎe |
| 2SG: | βiktuatnena əʎe | ənet βiktuat əʎe |
| 3SG: | βiktuatneʒe əʎe | əneʒ βiktuat əʎe |
| 1PL: | βiktuatnena əʎe | ənena βiktuat əʎe |
| 2PL: | βiktuatneda əʎe | əneda βiktuat əʎe |
| 3PL: | βiktuatneʃt əʎe | əneʃt βiktuat əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βiktuatnet ulmaʃ | ənet βiktuat ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βiktuatneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ βiktuat ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βiktuatneda ulmaʃ | əneda βiktuat ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βiktuatneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt βiktuat ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βiktuataʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βiktuatman |
| Active participle: | βiktuatʃe |
| Passive participle: | βiktuatme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βiktuatʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | βiktuatdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βiktuaten |
| Negative gerund: | βiktuatde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βiktuatmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βiktuatmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βiktuatʃəla |
| Nominalization: | βiktuatmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | βiktuatdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||