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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋem | om βulnaŋe |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋet | ot βulnaŋe |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋa | ok/ogeʃ βulnaŋe |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋena | ona/ogəna βulnaŋe |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋeda | oda/ogəda βulnaŋe |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋat | ogət βulnaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋəʃəm | ʃəm βulnaŋe |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ βulnaŋe |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋəʃ | əʃ βulnaŋe |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋəʃna | əʃna βulnaŋe |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋəʃda | əʃda βulnaŋe |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋəʃt | əʃt βulnaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋenam | βulnaŋen oməl |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋenat | βulnaŋen otəl |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋen | βulnaŋen ogəl |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋenːa | βulnaŋen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋenda | βulnaŋen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋenət | βulnaŋen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋem əʎe | om βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋet əʎe | ot βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋena əʎe | ona/ogəna βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋeda əʎe | oda/ogəda βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋat əʎe | ogət βulnaŋe əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋem ulmaʃ | om βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋet ulmaʃ | ot βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋat ulmaʃ | ogət βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋenam əʎe | βulnaŋen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋenat əʎe | βulnaŋen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋen əʎe | βulnaŋen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋenːa əʎe | βulnaŋen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋenda əʎe | βulnaŋen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋen əʎe | βulnaŋen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋenam ulmaʃ | βulnaŋen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋenat ulmaʃ | βulnaŋen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋen ulmaʃ | βulnaŋen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋenːa ulmaʃ | βulnaŋen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋenda ulmaʃ | βulnaŋen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋen ulmaʃ | βulnaŋen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋe | it βulnaŋe |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋəʒe | ənʒe βulnaŋe |
| 1PL: | (βulnaŋena) | (ona/ogəna βulnaŋe) |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋəza | ida βulnaŋe |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋəʃt | ənəʃt βulnaŋe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋənem | ənem βulnaŋe |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋənet | ənet βulnaŋe |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋəneʒe | əneʒ βulnaŋe |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋənena | ənena βulnaŋe |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋəneda | əneda βulnaŋe |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋəneʃt | əneʃt βulnaŋe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βulnaŋənem əʎe | ənem βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋənena əʎe | ənet βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 1PL: | βulnaŋənena əʎe | ənena βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋəneda əʎe | əneda βulnaŋe əʎe |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt βulnaŋe əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βulnaŋənet ulmaʃ | ənet βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βulnaŋəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βulnaŋəneda ulmaʃ | əneda βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βulnaŋəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt βulnaŋe ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βulnaŋaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βulnaŋəman |
| Active participle: | βulnaŋəʃe |
| Passive participle: | βulnaŋəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βulnaŋəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | βulnaŋədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βulnaŋen |
| Negative gerund: | βulnaŋəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βulnaŋəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βulnaŋəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βulnaŋəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | βulnaŋəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | βulnaŋədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||