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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem) |
Genitive: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)ən |
Dative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)lan |
Accusative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)əm |
Comparative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)la |
Comitative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)ge |
Inessive: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)əʃte |
Illative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)əʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jeʃ |
1SG: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem |
2SG: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jet |
3SG: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)ʒe |
1PL: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)na |
2PL: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)da |
3PL: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)əʃt |
Plural (1): | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlak |
Plural (2): | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)la |
Sociative Plural: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)mət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlak | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakem, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlak |
Genitive: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jemən | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakən | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakemən, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakən |
Dative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jemlan, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)lanem | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlaklan | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakemlan, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jeməm | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakəm | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakeməm, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jemla, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)lam | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakla | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakemla, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakla |
Comitative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jemge | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakge | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakemge, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakge |
Inessive: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)əʃtem | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃte | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃtem, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)əʃkem | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃ(ke) | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃkem, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jeʃem | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakeʃ | ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)-βlakeʃem, ispolɲatlaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |