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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | išnaš (-jem) |
| Genitive: | išnaš (-jem)ə̑n |
| Dative: | išnaš (-jem)lan |
| Accusative: | išnaš (-jem)ə̑m |
| Comparative: | išnaš (-jem)la |
| Comitative: | išnaš (-jem)ge |
| Inessive: | išnaš (-jem)ə̑šte |
| Illative: | išnaš (-jem)ə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | išnaš (-jem)ješ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | išnaš (-jem)jem |
| 2SG: | išnaš (-jem)jet |
| 3SG: | išnaš (-jem)že |
| 1PL: | išnaš (-jem)na |
| 2PL: | išnaš (-jem)da |
| 3PL: | išnaš (-jem)ə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | išnaš (-jem)-βlak |
| Plural (2): | išnaš (-jem)-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | išnaš (-jem)la |
| Sociative Plural: | išnaš (-jem)mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | išnaš (-jem)jem | išnaš (-jem)-βlak | išnaš (-jem)-βlakem, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlak |
| Genitive: | išnaš (-jem)jemə̑n | išnaš (-jem)-βlakə̑n | išnaš (-jem)-βlakemə̑n, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | išnaš (-jem)jemlan, išnaš (-jem)lanem | išnaš (-jem)-βlaklan | išnaš (-jem)-βlakemlan, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | išnaš (-jem)jemə̑m | išnaš (-jem)-βlakə̑m | išnaš (-jem)-βlakemə̑m, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | išnaš (-jem)jemla, išnaš (-jem)lam | išnaš (-jem)-βlakla | išnaš (-jem)-βlakemla, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | išnaš (-jem)jemge | išnaš (-jem)-βlakge | išnaš (-jem)-βlakemge, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | išnaš (-jem)ə̑štem | išnaš (-jem)-βlakə̑šte | išnaš (-jem)-βlakə̑štem, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | išnaš (-jem)ə̑škem | išnaš (-jem)-βlakə̑š(ke) | išnaš (-jem)-βlakə̑škem, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | išnaš (-jem)ješem | išnaš (-jem)-βlakeš | išnaš (-jem)-βlakešem, išnaš (-jem)jem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||