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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋem | om jolaŋe |
| 2SG: | jolaŋet | ot jolaŋe |
| 3SG: | jolaŋa | ok/ogeʃ jolaŋe |
| 1PL: | jolaŋena | ona/ogəna jolaŋe |
| 2PL: | jolaŋeda | oda/ogəda jolaŋe |
| 3PL: | jolaŋat | ogət jolaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋəʃəm | ʃəm jolaŋe |
| 2SG: | jolaŋəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ jolaŋe |
| 3SG: | jolaŋəʃ | əʃ jolaŋe |
| 1PL: | jolaŋəʃna | əʃna jolaŋe |
| 2PL: | jolaŋəʃda | əʃda jolaŋe |
| 3PL: | jolaŋəʃt | əʃt jolaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋenam | jolaŋen oməl |
| 2SG: | jolaŋenat | jolaŋen otəl |
| 3SG: | jolaŋen | jolaŋen ogəl |
| 1PL: | jolaŋenːa | jolaŋen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | jolaŋenda | jolaŋen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | jolaŋenət | jolaŋen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋem əʎe | om jolaŋe əʎe |
| 2SG: | jolaŋet əʎe | ot jolaŋe əʎe |
| 3SG: | jolaŋa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ jolaŋe əʎe |
| 1PL: | jolaŋena əʎe | ona/ogəna jolaŋe əʎe |
| 2PL: | jolaŋeda əʎe | oda/ogəda jolaŋe əʎe |
| 3PL: | jolaŋat əʎe | ogət jolaŋe əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋem ulmaʃ | om jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | jolaŋet ulmaʃ | ot jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jolaŋa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | jolaŋena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | jolaŋeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jolaŋat ulmaʃ | ogət jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋenam əʎe | jolaŋen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | jolaŋenat əʎe | jolaŋen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | jolaŋen əʎe | jolaŋen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | jolaŋenːa əʎe | jolaŋen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | jolaŋenda əʎe | jolaŋen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | jolaŋen əʎe | jolaŋen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋenam ulmaʃ | jolaŋen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | jolaŋenat ulmaʃ | jolaŋen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jolaŋen ulmaʃ | jolaŋen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | jolaŋenːa ulmaʃ | jolaŋen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | jolaŋenda ulmaʃ | jolaŋen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jolaŋen ulmaʃ | jolaŋen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jolaŋe | it jolaŋe |
| 3SG: | jolaŋəʒe | ənʒe jolaŋe |
| 1PL: | (jolaŋena) | (ona/ogəna jolaŋe) |
| 2PL: | jolaŋəza | ida jolaŋe |
| 3PL: | jolaŋəʃt | ənəʃt jolaŋe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋənem | ənem jolaŋe |
| 2SG: | jolaŋənet | ənet jolaŋe |
| 3SG: | jolaŋəneʒe | əneʒ jolaŋe |
| 1PL: | jolaŋənena | ənena jolaŋe |
| 2PL: | jolaŋəneda | əneda jolaŋe |
| 3PL: | jolaŋəneʃt | əneʃt jolaŋe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jolaŋənem əʎe | ənem jolaŋe əʎe |
| 2SG: | jolaŋənena əʎe | ənet jolaŋe əʎe |
| 3SG: | jolaŋəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ jolaŋe əʎe |
| 1PL: | jolaŋənena əʎe | ənena jolaŋe əʎe |
| 2PL: | jolaŋəneda əʎe | əneda jolaŋe əʎe |
| 3PL: | jolaŋəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt jolaŋe əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jolaŋənet ulmaʃ | ənet jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jolaŋəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jolaŋəneda ulmaʃ | əneda jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jolaŋəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt jolaŋe ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jolaŋaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jolaŋəman |
| Active participle: | jolaŋəʃe |
| Passive participle: | jolaŋəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jolaŋəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | jolaŋədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jolaŋen |
| Negative gerund: | jolaŋəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | jolaŋəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jolaŋəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jolaŋəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | jolaŋəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | jolaŋədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||