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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemem | om joŋgeme |
| 2SG: | joŋgemet | ot joŋgeme |
| 3SG: | joŋgema | ok/ogeš joŋgeme |
| 1PL: | joŋgemena | ona/ogə̑na joŋgeme |
| 2PL: | joŋgemeda | oda/ogə̑da joŋgeme |
| 3PL: | joŋgemat | ogə̑t joŋgeme |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemə̑šə̑m | šə̑m joŋgeme |
| 2SG: | joŋgemə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ joŋgeme |
| 3SG: | joŋgemə̑š | ə̑š joŋgeme |
| 1PL: | joŋgemə̑šna | ə̑šna joŋgeme |
| 2PL: | joŋgemə̑šda | ə̑šda joŋgeme |
| 3PL: | joŋgemə̑št | ə̑št joŋgeme |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemenam | joŋgemen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | joŋgemenat | joŋgemen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | joŋgemen | joŋgemen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | joŋgemenna | joŋgemen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | joŋgemenda | joŋgemen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | joŋgemenə̑t | joŋgemen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemem ə̑l'e | om joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joŋgemet ə̑l'e | ot joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joŋgema ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joŋgemena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joŋgemeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joŋgemat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemem ulmaš | om joŋgeme ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joŋgemet ulmaš | ot joŋgeme ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joŋgema ulmaš | ok/ogeš joŋgeme ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joŋgemena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na joŋgeme ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joŋgemeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da joŋgeme ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joŋgemat ulmaš | ogə̑t joŋgeme ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemenam ə̑l'e | joŋgemen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joŋgemenat ə̑l'e | joŋgemen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joŋgemen ə̑l'e | joŋgemen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joŋgemenna ə̑l'e | joŋgemen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joŋgemenda ə̑l'e | joŋgemen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joŋgemen ə̑l'e | joŋgemen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemenam ulmaš | joŋgemen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joŋgemenat ulmaš | joŋgemen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joŋgemen ulmaš | joŋgemen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joŋgemenna ulmaš | joŋgemen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joŋgemenda ulmaš | joŋgemen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joŋgemen ulmaš | joŋgemen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | joŋgeme | it joŋgeme |
| 3SG: | joŋgemə̑že | ə̑nže joŋgeme |
| 1PL: | (joŋgemena) | (ona/ogə̑na joŋgeme) |
| 2PL: | joŋgemə̑za | ida joŋgeme |
| 3PL: | joŋgemə̑št | ə̑nə̑št joŋgeme |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemə̑nem | ə̑nem joŋgeme |
| 2SG: | joŋgemə̑net | ə̑net joŋgeme |
| 3SG: | joŋgemə̑neže | ə̑než joŋgeme |
| 1PL: | joŋgemə̑nena | ə̑nena joŋgeme |
| 2PL: | joŋgemə̑neda | ə̑neda joŋgeme |
| 3PL: | joŋgemə̑nešt | ə̑nešt joŋgeme |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joŋgemə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joŋgemə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joŋgemə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joŋgemə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joŋgemə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joŋgemə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt joŋgeme ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | joŋgemə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net joŋgeme ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joŋgemə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než joŋgeme ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | joŋgemə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda joŋgeme ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joŋgemə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt joŋgeme ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | joŋgemaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | joŋgemə̑man |
| Active participle: | joŋgemə̑še |
| Passive participle: | joŋgemə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | joŋgemə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | joŋgemə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | joŋgemen |
| Negative gerund: | joŋgemə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | joŋgemə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | joŋgemə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | joŋgemə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | joŋgemə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | joŋgemə̑də̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||