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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕam | om kent͡ɕa |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕat | ot kent͡ɕa |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕa | ok/ogeʃ kent͡ɕa |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕana | ona/ogəna kent͡ɕa |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕada | oda/ogəda kent͡ɕa |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕat | ogət kent͡ɕa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕaʃəm | ʃəm kent͡ɕa |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ kent͡ɕa |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕaʃ | əʃ kent͡ɕa |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕaʃna | əʃna kent͡ɕa |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕaʃda | əʃda kent͡ɕa |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕaʃt | əʃt kent͡ɕa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕanam | kent͡ɕan oməl |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕanat | kent͡ɕan otəl |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕan | kent͡ɕan ogəl |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕanːa | kent͡ɕan onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕanda | kent͡ɕan odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕanət | kent͡ɕan ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕam əʎe | om kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕat əʎe | ot kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕana əʎe | ona/ogəna kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕada əʎe | oda/ogəda kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕat əʎe | ogət kent͡ɕa əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕam ulmaʃ | om kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕat ulmaʃ | ot kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕana ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕada ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕat ulmaʃ | ogət kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕanam əʎe | kent͡ɕan oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕanat əʎe | kent͡ɕan otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕan əʎe | kent͡ɕan ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕanːa əʎe | kent͡ɕan onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕanda əʎe | kent͡ɕan odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕan əʎe | kent͡ɕan ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕanam ulmaʃ | kent͡ɕan oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕanat ulmaʃ | kent͡ɕan otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕan ulmaʃ | kent͡ɕan ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕanːa ulmaʃ | kent͡ɕan onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕanda ulmaʃ | kent͡ɕan odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕan ulmaʃ | kent͡ɕan ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕa | it kent͡ɕa |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕaʒe | ənʒe kent͡ɕa |
| 1PL: | (kent͡ɕana) | (ona/ogəna kent͡ɕa) |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕaza | ida kent͡ɕa |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕaʃt | ənəʃt kent͡ɕa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕanem | ənem kent͡ɕa |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕanet | ənet kent͡ɕa |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕaneʒe | əneʒ kent͡ɕa |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕanena | ənena kent͡ɕa |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕaneda | əneda kent͡ɕa |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕaneʃt | əneʃt kent͡ɕa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kent͡ɕanem əʎe | ənem kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕanena əʎe | ənet kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 1PL: | kent͡ɕanena əʎe | ənena kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕaneda əʎe | əneda kent͡ɕa əʎe |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt kent͡ɕa əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kent͡ɕanet ulmaʃ | ənet kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | kent͡ɕaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kent͡ɕaneda ulmaʃ | əneda kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | kent͡ɕaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt kent͡ɕa ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kent͡ɕaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kent͡ɕaman |
| Active participle: | kent͡ɕaʃe |
| Passive participle: | kent͡ɕame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kent͡ɕaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | kent͡ɕadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kent͡ɕan |
| Negative gerund: | kent͡ɕade |
| Gerund of prior action: | kent͡ɕamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kent͡ɕameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kent͡ɕaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | kent͡ɕamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | kent͡ɕadəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||