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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertem | om kerte |
| 2SG: | kertet | ot kerte |
| 3SG: | kerta | ok/ogeš kerte |
| 1PL: | kertena | ona/ogə̑na kerte |
| 2PL: | kerteda | oda/ogə̑da kerte |
| 3PL: | kertat | ogə̑t kerte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kerte |
| 2SG: | kertə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kerte |
| 3SG: | kertə̑š | ə̑š kerte |
| 1PL: | kertə̑šna | ə̑šna kerte |
| 2PL: | kertə̑šda | ə̑šda kerte |
| 3PL: | kertə̑št | ə̑št kerte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertenam | kerten omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kertenat | kerten otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kerten | kerten ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kertenna | kerten onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kertenda | kerten odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kertenə̑t | kerten ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertem ə̑l'e | om kerte ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kertet ə̑l'e | ot kerte ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kerta ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kerte ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kertena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kerte ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kerteda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kerte ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kertat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kerte ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertem ulmaš | om kerte ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kertet ulmaš | ot kerte ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kerta ulmaš | ok/ogeš kerte ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kertena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kerte ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kerteda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kerte ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kertat ulmaš | ogə̑t kerte ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertenam ə̑l'e | kerten omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kertenat ə̑l'e | kerten otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kerten ə̑l'e | kerten ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kertenna ə̑l'e | kerten onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kertenda ə̑l'e | kerten odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kerten ə̑l'e | kerten ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertenam ulmaš | kerten omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kertenat ulmaš | kerten otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kerten ulmaš | kerten ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kertenna ulmaš | kerten onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kertenda ulmaš | kerten odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kerten ulmaš | kerten ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kerte | it kerte |
| 3SG: | kertə̑že | ə̑nže kerte |
| 1PL: | (kertena) | (ona/ogə̑na kerte) |
| 2PL: | kertə̑za | ida kerte |
| 3PL: | kertə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kerte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertə̑nem | ə̑nem kerte |
| 2SG: | kertə̑net | ə̑net kerte |
| 3SG: | kertə̑neže | ə̑než kerte |
| 1PL: | kertə̑nena | ə̑nena kerte |
| 2PL: | kertə̑neda | ə̑neda kerte |
| 3PL: | kertə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kerte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kertə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kerte ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kertə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kerte ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kertə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kerte ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kertə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kerte ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kertə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kerte ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kertə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kerte ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kertə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kerte ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kertə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kerte ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kertə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kerte ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kertə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kerte ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kertaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kertə̑man |
| Active participle: | kertə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kertə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kertə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kertə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kerten |
| Negative gerund: | kertə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kertə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kertə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kertə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kertə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kertə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||