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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋem | om koβarč́aŋe |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋet | ot koβarč́aŋe |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋa | ok/ogeš koβarč́aŋe |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋena | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́aŋe |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋeda | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́aŋe |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋat | ogə̑t koβarč́aŋe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑šə̑m | šə̑m koβarč́aŋe |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβarč́aŋe |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑š | ə̑š koβarč́aŋe |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑šna | ə̑šna koβarč́aŋe |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑šda | ə̑šda koβarč́aŋe |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑št | ə̑št koβarč́aŋe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋenam | koβarč́aŋen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋenat | koβarč́aŋen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋen | koβarč́aŋen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋenna | koβarč́aŋen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋenda | koβarč́aŋen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋenə̑t | koβarč́aŋen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋem ə̑l'e | om koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋet ə̑l'e | ot koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋem ulmaš | om koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋet ulmaš | ot koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋa ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋat ulmaš | ogə̑t koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋenam ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋenat ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋen ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋenna ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋenda ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋen ə̑l'e | koβarč́aŋen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋenam ulmaš | koβarč́aŋen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋenat ulmaš | koβarč́aŋen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋen ulmaš | koβarč́aŋen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋenna ulmaš | koβarč́aŋen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋenda ulmaš | koβarč́aŋen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋen ulmaš | koβarč́aŋen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋe | it koβarč́aŋe |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑že | ə̑nže koβarč́aŋe |
| 1PL: | (koβarč́aŋena) | (ona/ogə̑na koβarč́aŋe) |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑za | ida koβarč́aŋe |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št koβarč́aŋe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nem | ə̑nem koβarč́aŋe |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑net | ə̑net koβarč́aŋe |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑neže | ə̑než koβarč́aŋe |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nena | ə̑nena koβarč́aŋe |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑neda | ə̑neda koβarč́aŋe |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nešt | ə̑nešt koβarč́aŋe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβarč́aŋe ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβarč́aŋə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβarč́aŋə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβarč́aŋe ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koβarč́aŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koβarč́aŋə̑man |
| Active participle: | koβarč́aŋə̑še |
| Passive participle: | koβarč́aŋə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koβarč́aŋə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | koβarč́aŋə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβarč́aŋen |
| Negative gerund: | koβarč́aŋə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | koβarč́aŋə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koβarč́aŋə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβarč́aŋə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | koβarč́aŋə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | koβarč́aŋə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||