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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋem | om koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋet | ot koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋa | ok/ogeʃ koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋena | ona/ogəna koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋeda | oda/ogəda koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋat | ogət koβart͡ɕaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃəm | ʃəm koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃ | əʃ koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃna | əʃna koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃda | əʃda koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃt | əʃt koβart͡ɕaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋenam | koβart͡ɕaŋen oməl |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋenat | koβart͡ɕaŋen otəl |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋen | koβart͡ɕaŋen ogəl |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋenːa | koβart͡ɕaŋen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋenda | koβart͡ɕaŋen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋenət | koβart͡ɕaŋen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋem əʎe | om koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋet əʎe | ot koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋena əʎe | ona/ogəna koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋeda əʎe | oda/ogəda koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋat əʎe | ogət koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋem ulmaʃ | om koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋet ulmaʃ | ot koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋat ulmaʃ | ogət koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋenam əʎe | koβart͡ɕaŋen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋenat əʎe | koβart͡ɕaŋen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋen əʎe | koβart͡ɕaŋen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋenːa əʎe | koβart͡ɕaŋen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋenda əʎe | koβart͡ɕaŋen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋen əʎe | koβart͡ɕaŋen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋenam ulmaʃ | koβart͡ɕaŋen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋenat ulmaʃ | koβart͡ɕaŋen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋen ulmaʃ | koβart͡ɕaŋen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋenːa ulmaʃ | koβart͡ɕaŋen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋenda ulmaʃ | koβart͡ɕaŋen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋen ulmaʃ | koβart͡ɕaŋen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋe | it koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʒe | ənʒe koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 1PL: | (koβart͡ɕaŋena) | (ona/ogəna koβart͡ɕaŋe) |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəza | ida koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃt | ənəʃt koβart͡ɕaŋe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋənem | ənem koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋənet | ənet koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneʒe | əneʒ koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋənena | ənena koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneda | əneda koβart͡ɕaŋe |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneʃt | əneʃt koβart͡ɕaŋe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋənem əʎe | ənem koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋənena əʎe | ənet koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 1PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋənena əʎe | ənena koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneda əʎe | əneda koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt koβart͡ɕaŋe əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋənet ulmaʃ | ənet koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneda ulmaʃ | əneda koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | koβart͡ɕaŋəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt koβart͡ɕaŋe ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koβart͡ɕaŋaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koβart͡ɕaŋəman |
| Active participle: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃe |
| Passive participle: | koβart͡ɕaŋəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | koβart͡ɕaŋədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβart͡ɕaŋen |
| Negative gerund: | koβart͡ɕaŋəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | koβart͡ɕaŋəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koβart͡ɕaŋəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβart͡ɕaŋəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | koβart͡ɕaŋəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | koβart͡ɕaŋədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||