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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem) |
| Genitive: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)ən |
| Dative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)lan |
| Accusative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)əm |
| Comparative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)la |
| Comitative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)ge |
| Inessive: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)əʃte |
| Illative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)əʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem |
| 2SG: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jet |
| 3SG: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)ʒe |
| 1PL: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)na |
| 2PL: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)da |
| 3PL: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)əʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)la |
| Sociative Plural: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)mət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlak | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakem, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jemən | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakən | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakemən, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jemlan, kuplanaʃ (-jem)lanem | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlaklan | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakemlan, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jeməm | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakəm | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakeməm, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jemla, kuplanaʃ (-jem)lam | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakla | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakemla, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jemge | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakge | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakemge, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)əʃtem | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃte | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃtem, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)əʃkem | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃ(ke) | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakəʃkem, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kuplanaʃ (-jem)jeʃem | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakeʃ | kuplanaʃ (-jem)-βlakeʃem, kuplanaʃ (-jem)jem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||