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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujem | om kujo/kuj |
| 2SG: | kujet | ot kujo/kuj |
| 3SG: | kuja | ok/ogeš kujo/kuj |
| 1PL: | kujena | ona/ogə̑na kujo/kuj |
| 2PL: | kujeda | oda/ogə̑da kujo/kuj |
| 3PL: | kujat | ogə̑t kujo/kuj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kujo/kuj |
| 2SG: | kujə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kujo/kuj |
| 3SG: | kujə̑š | ə̑š kujo/kuj |
| 1PL: | kujə̑šna | ə̑šna kujo/kuj |
| 2PL: | kujə̑šda | ə̑šda kujo/kuj |
| 3PL: | kujə̑št | ə̑št kujo/kuj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujenam | kujen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kujenat | kujen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kujen | kujen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kujenna | kujen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kujenda | kujen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kujenə̑t | kujen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujem ə̑l'e | om kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kujet ə̑l'e | ot kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuja ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kujena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kujeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kujat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujem ulmaš | om kujo/kuj ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kujet ulmaš | ot kujo/kuj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuja ulmaš | ok/ogeš kujo/kuj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kujena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kujo/kuj ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kujeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kujo/kuj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kujat ulmaš | ogə̑t kujo/kuj ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujenam ə̑l'e | kujen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kujenat ə̑l'e | kujen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kujen ə̑l'e | kujen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kujenna ə̑l'e | kujen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kujenda ə̑l'e | kujen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kujen ə̑l'e | kujen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujenam ulmaš | kujen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kujenat ulmaš | kujen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kujen ulmaš | kujen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kujenna ulmaš | kujen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kujenda ulmaš | kujen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kujen ulmaš | kujen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kujo/kuj | it kujo/kuj |
| 3SG: | kujə̑žo | ə̑nže kujo/kuj |
| 1PL: | (kujena) | (ona/ogə̑na kujo/kuj) |
| 2PL: | kujə̑za | ida kujo/kuj |
| 3PL: | kujə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kujo/kuj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujə̑nem | ə̑nem kujo/kuj |
| 2SG: | kujə̑net | ə̑net kujo/kuj |
| 3SG: | kujə̑neže | ə̑než kujo/kuj |
| 1PL: | kujə̑nena | ə̑nena kujo/kuj |
| 2PL: | kujə̑neda | ə̑neda kujo/kuj |
| 3PL: | kujə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kujo/kuj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kujə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kujə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kujə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kujə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kujə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kujə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kujo/kuj ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kujə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kujo/kuj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kujə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kujo/kuj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kujə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kujo/kuj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kujə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kujo/kuj ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kujaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kujə̑man |
| Active participle: | kujə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | kujə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kujə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kujə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kujen |
| Negative gerund: | kujə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kujə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kujə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kujə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kujə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kujə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||