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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jem | om napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jet | ot napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑ja | ok/ogeš napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jena | ona/ogə̑na napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jeda | oda/ogə̑da napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jat | ogə̑t napŕaž'onnə̑j |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jə̑šə̑m | šə̑m napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jə̑š | ə̑š napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jə̑šna | ə̑šna napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jə̑šda | ə̑šda napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jə̑št | ə̑št napŕaž'onnə̑j |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenam | napŕaž'onnə̑jen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenat | napŕaž'onnə̑jen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jen | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenna | napŕaž'onnə̑jen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenda | napŕaž'onnə̑jen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenə̑t | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jem ə̑l'e | om napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jet ə̑l'e | ot napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑ja ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jem ulmaš | om napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jet ulmaš | ot napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑ja ulmaš | ok/ogeš napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jat ulmaš | ogə̑t napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenam ə̑l'e | napŕaž'onnə̑jen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenat ə̑l'e | napŕaž'onnə̑jen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ə̑l'e | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenna ə̑l'e | napŕaž'onnə̑jen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenda ə̑l'e | napŕaž'onnə̑jen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ə̑l'e | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenam ulmaš | napŕaž'onnə̑jen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenat ulmaš | napŕaž'onnə̑jen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ulmaš | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenna ulmaš | napŕaž'onnə̑jen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jenda ulmaš | napŕaž'onnə̑jen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ulmaš | napŕaž'onnə̑jen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑j | it napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jžo | ə̑nže napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 1PL: | (napŕaž'onnə̑jena) | (ona/ogə̑na napŕaž'onnə̑j) |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jza | ida napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jə̑št | ə̑nə̑št napŕaž'onnə̑j |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnem | ə̑nem napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnet | ə̑net napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jneže | ə̑než napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnena | ə̑nena napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jneda | ə̑neda napŕaž'onnə̑j |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnešt | ə̑nešt napŕaž'onnə̑j |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt napŕaž'onnə̑j ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnet ulmaš | ə̑net napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
| 3SG: | napŕaž'onnə̑jneže ulmaš | ə̑než napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jneda ulmaš | ə̑neda napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
| 3PL: | napŕaž'onnə̑jnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt napŕaž'onnə̑j ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | napŕaž'onnə̑jaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | napŕaž'onnə̑jman |
| Active participle: | napŕaž'onnə̑jšo |
| Passive participle: | napŕaž'onnə̑jmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | napŕaž'onnə̑jšaš |
| Negative participle: | napŕaž'onnə̑jdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | napŕaž'onnə̑jen |
| Negative gerund: | napŕaž'onnə̑jde |
| Gerund of prior action: | napŕaž'onnə̑jmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | napŕaž'onnə̑jmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | napŕaž'onnə̑jšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | napŕaž'onnə̑jmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | napŕaž'onnə̑jdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||