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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkam | om nulgə̑sińapka |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkat | ot nulgə̑sińapka |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapka | ok/ogeš nulgə̑sińapka |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkana | ona/ogə̑na nulgə̑sińapka |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkada | oda/ogə̑da nulgə̑sińapka |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkat | ogə̑t nulgə̑sińapka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkašə̑m | šə̑m nulgə̑sińapka |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkašə̑č́ | šə̑č́ nulgə̑sińapka |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapkaš | ə̑š nulgə̑sińapka |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkašna | ə̑šna nulgə̑sińapka |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkašda | ə̑šda nulgə̑sińapka |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkašt | ə̑št nulgə̑sińapka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanam | nulgə̑sińapkan omə̑l |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanat | nulgə̑sińapkan otə̑l |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapkan | nulgə̑sińapkan ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanna | nulgə̑sińapkan onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanda | nulgə̑sińapkan odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanə̑t | nulgə̑sińapkan ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkam ə̑l'e | om nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkat ə̑l'e | ot nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkana ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkada ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkam ulmaš | om nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkat ulmaš | ot nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš | ok/ogeš nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkana ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkada ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkat ulmaš | ogə̑t nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanam ə̑l'e | nulgə̑sińapkan omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanat ə̑l'e | nulgə̑sińapkan otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapkan ə̑l'e | nulgə̑sińapkan ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanna ə̑l'e | nulgə̑sińapkan onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanda ə̑l'e | nulgə̑sińapkan odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkan ə̑l'e | nulgə̑sińapkan ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanam ulmaš | nulgə̑sińapkan omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanat ulmaš | nulgə̑sińapkan otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapkan ulmaš | nulgə̑sińapkan ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanna ulmaš | nulgə̑sińapkan onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanda ulmaš | nulgə̑sińapkan odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkan ulmaš | nulgə̑sińapkan ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapka | it nulgə̑sińapka |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapkaže | ə̑nže nulgə̑sińapka |
| 1PL: | (nulgə̑sińapkana) | (ona/ogə̑na nulgə̑sińapka) |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkaza | ida nulgə̑sińapka |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkašt | ə̑nə̑št nulgə̑sińapka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanem | ə̑nem nulgə̑sińapka |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanet | ə̑net nulgə̑sińapka |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapkaneže | ə̑než nulgə̑sińapka |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanena | ə̑nena nulgə̑sińapka |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkaneda | ə̑neda nulgə̑sińapka |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanešt | ə̑nešt nulgə̑sińapka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapkaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt nulgə̑sińapka ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | nulgə̑sińapkanet ulmaš | ə̑net nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | nulgə̑sińapkaneže ulmaš | ə̑než nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | nulgə̑sińapkaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | nulgə̑sińapkanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt nulgə̑sińapka ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | nulgə̑sińapkaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | nulgə̑sińapkaman |
| Active participle: | nulgə̑sińapkaše |
| Passive participle: | nulgə̑sińapkame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | nulgə̑sińapkašaš |
| Negative participle: | nulgə̑sińapkadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | nulgə̑sińapkan |
| Negative gerund: | nulgə̑sińapkade |
| Gerund of prior action: | nulgə̑sińapkamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | nulgə̑sińapkameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | nulgə̑sińapkašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | nulgə̑sińapkamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | nulgə̑sińapkadə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||