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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnam | om parna |
| 2SG: | parnat | ot parna |
| 3SG: | parna | ok/ogeʃ parna |
| 1PL: | parnana | ona/ogəna parna |
| 2PL: | parnada | oda/ogəda parna |
| 3PL: | parnat | ogət parna |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnaʃəm | ʃəm parna |
| 2SG: | parnaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ parna |
| 3SG: | parnaʃ | əʃ parna |
| 1PL: | parnaʃna | əʃna parna |
| 2PL: | parnaʃda | əʃda parna |
| 3PL: | parnaʃt | əʃt parna |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnanam | parnan oməl |
| 2SG: | parnanat | parnan otəl |
| 3SG: | parnan | parnan ogəl |
| 1PL: | parnanːa | parnan onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | parnanda | parnan odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | parnanət | parnan ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnam əʎe | om parna əʎe |
| 2SG: | parnat əʎe | ot parna əʎe |
| 3SG: | parna əʎe | ok/ogeʃ parna əʎe |
| 1PL: | parnana əʎe | ona/ogəna parna əʎe |
| 2PL: | parnada əʎe | oda/ogəda parna əʎe |
| 3PL: | parnat əʎe | ogət parna əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnam ulmaʃ | om parna ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | parnat ulmaʃ | ot parna ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | parna ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ parna ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | parnana ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna parna ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | parnada ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda parna ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | parnat ulmaʃ | ogət parna ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnanam əʎe | parnan oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | parnanat əʎe | parnan otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | parnan əʎe | parnan ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | parnanːa əʎe | parnan onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | parnanda əʎe | parnan odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | parnan əʎe | parnan ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnanam ulmaʃ | parnan oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | parnanat ulmaʃ | parnan otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | parnan ulmaʃ | parnan ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | parnanːa ulmaʃ | parnan onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | parnanda ulmaʃ | parnan odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | parnan ulmaʃ | parnan ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | parna | it parna |
| 3SG: | parnaʒe | ənʒe parna |
| 1PL: | (parnana) | (ona/ogəna parna) |
| 2PL: | parnaza | ida parna |
| 3PL: | parnaʃt | ənəʃt parna |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnanem | ənem parna |
| 2SG: | parnanet | ənet parna |
| 3SG: | parnaneʒe | əneʒ parna |
| 1PL: | parnanena | ənena parna |
| 2PL: | parnaneda | əneda parna |
| 3PL: | parnaneʃt | əneʃt parna |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | parnanem əʎe | ənem parna əʎe |
| 2SG: | parnanena əʎe | ənet parna əʎe |
| 3SG: | parnaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ parna əʎe |
| 1PL: | parnanena əʎe | ənena parna əʎe |
| 2PL: | parnaneda əʎe | əneda parna əʎe |
| 3PL: | parnaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt parna əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | parnanet ulmaʃ | ənet parna ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | parnaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ parna ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | parnaneda ulmaʃ | əneda parna ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | parnaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt parna ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | parnaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | parnaman |
| Active participle: | parnaʃe |
| Passive participle: | parname |
| Future-necessitive participle: | parnaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | parnadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | parnan |
| Negative gerund: | parnade |
| Gerund of prior action: | parnamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | parnameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | parnaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | parnamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | parnadəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||