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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarem | om pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltaret | ot pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltara | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarena | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltareda | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarat | ogət pot͡ɕkaltare |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃəm | ʃəm pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃ | əʃ pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃna | əʃna pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃda | əʃda pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃt | əʃt pot͡ɕkaltare |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarenam | pot͡ɕkaltaren oməl |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarenat | pot͡ɕkaltaren otəl |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltaren | pot͡ɕkaltaren ogəl |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarenːa | pot͡ɕkaltaren onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarenda | pot͡ɕkaltaren odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarenət | pot͡ɕkaltaren ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarem əʎe | om pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltaret əʎe | ot pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltara əʎe | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarena əʎe | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltareda əʎe | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarat əʎe | ogət pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarem ulmaʃ | om pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltaret ulmaʃ | ot pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltara ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltareda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarat ulmaʃ | ogət pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarenam əʎe | pot͡ɕkaltaren oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarenat əʎe | pot͡ɕkaltaren otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltaren əʎe | pot͡ɕkaltaren ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarenːa əʎe | pot͡ɕkaltaren onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarenda əʎe | pot͡ɕkaltaren odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltaren əʎe | pot͡ɕkaltaren ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarenam ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkaltaren oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarenat ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkaltaren otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltaren ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkaltaren ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarenːa ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkaltaren onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarenda ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkaltaren odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltaren ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkaltaren ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltare | it pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʒe | ənʒe pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 1PL: | (pot͡ɕkaltarena) | (ona/ogəna pot͡ɕkaltare) |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəza | ida pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃt | ənəʃt pot͡ɕkaltare |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarənem | ənem pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarənet | ənet pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneʒe | əneʒ pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarənena | ənena pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneda | əneda pot͡ɕkaltare |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneʃt | əneʃt pot͡ɕkaltare |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarənem əʎe | ənem pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarənena əʎe | ənet pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarənena əʎe | ənena pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneda əʎe | əneda pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt pot͡ɕkaltare əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarənet ulmaʃ | ənet pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneda ulmaʃ | əneda pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkaltarəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt pot͡ɕkaltare ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | pot͡ɕkaltaraʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | pot͡ɕkaltarəman |
| Active participle: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃe |
| Passive participle: | pot͡ɕkaltarəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | pot͡ɕkaltarədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | pot͡ɕkaltaren |
| Negative gerund: | pot͡ɕkaltarəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | pot͡ɕkaltarəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | pot͡ɕkaltarəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | pot͡ɕkaltarəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | pot͡ɕkaltarəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | pot͡ɕkaltarədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||