Paradigm Generator

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Paradigm Generator

Indicative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋem	om poŋgaŋe
2SG:	poŋgaŋet	ot poŋgaŋe
3SG:	poŋgaŋa	ok/ogeš poŋgaŋe
1PL:	poŋgaŋena	ona/ogə̑na poŋgaŋe
2PL:	poŋgaŋeda	oda/ogə̑da poŋgaŋe
3PL:	poŋgaŋat	ogə̑t poŋgaŋe

Indicative Simple Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋə̑šə̑m	šə̑m poŋgaŋe
2SG:	poŋgaŋə̑šə̑č́	šə̑č́ poŋgaŋe
3SG:	poŋgaŋə̑š	ə̑š poŋgaŋe
1PL:	poŋgaŋə̑šna	ə̑šna poŋgaŋe
2PL:	poŋgaŋə̑šda	ə̑šda poŋgaŋe
3PL:	poŋgaŋə̑št	ə̑št poŋgaŋe

Indicative Simple Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋenam	poŋgaŋen omə̑l
2SG:	poŋgaŋenat	poŋgaŋen otə̑l
3SG:	poŋgaŋen	poŋgaŋen ogə̑l
1PL:	poŋgaŋenna	poŋgaŋen onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:	poŋgaŋenda	poŋgaŋen odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:	poŋgaŋenə̑t	poŋgaŋen ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋem ə̑l'e	om poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
2SG:	poŋgaŋet ə̑l'e	ot poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
3SG:	poŋgaŋa ə̑l'e	ok/ogeš poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
1PL:	poŋgaŋena ə̑l'e	ona/ogə̑na poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
2PL:	poŋgaŋeda ə̑l'e	oda/ogə̑da poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
3PL:	poŋgaŋat ə̑l'e	ogə̑t poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋem ulmaš	om poŋgaŋe ulmaš
2SG:	poŋgaŋet ulmaš	ot poŋgaŋe ulmaš
3SG:	poŋgaŋa ulmaš	ok/ogeš poŋgaŋe ulmaš
1PL:	poŋgaŋena ulmaš	ona/ogə̑na poŋgaŋe ulmaš
2PL:	poŋgaŋeda ulmaš	oda/ogə̑da poŋgaŋe ulmaš
3PL:	poŋgaŋat ulmaš	ogə̑t poŋgaŋe ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋenam ə̑l'e	poŋgaŋen omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:	poŋgaŋenat ə̑l'e	poŋgaŋen otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:	poŋgaŋen ə̑l'e	poŋgaŋen ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:	poŋgaŋenna ə̑l'e	poŋgaŋen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:	poŋgaŋenda ə̑l'e	poŋgaŋen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:	poŋgaŋen ə̑l'e	poŋgaŋen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋenam ulmaš	poŋgaŋen omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:	poŋgaŋenat ulmaš	poŋgaŋen otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:	poŋgaŋen ulmaš	poŋgaŋen ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:	poŋgaŋenna ulmaš	poŋgaŋen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:	poŋgaŋenda ulmaš	poŋgaŋen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:	poŋgaŋen ulmaš	poŋgaŋen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	poŋgaŋe	it poŋgaŋe
3SG:	poŋgaŋə̑že	ə̑nže poŋgaŋe
1PL:	(poŋgaŋena)	(ona/ogə̑na poŋgaŋe)
2PL:	poŋgaŋə̑za	ida poŋgaŋe
3PL:	poŋgaŋə̑št	ə̑nə̑št poŋgaŋe

Desiderative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋə̑nem	ə̑nem poŋgaŋe
2SG:	poŋgaŋə̑net	ə̑net poŋgaŋe
3SG:	poŋgaŋə̑neže	ə̑než poŋgaŋe
1PL:	poŋgaŋə̑nena	ə̑nena poŋgaŋe
2PL:	poŋgaŋə̑neda	ə̑neda poŋgaŋe
3PL:	poŋgaŋə̑nešt	ə̑nešt poŋgaŋe

Desiderative Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	poŋgaŋə̑nem ə̑l'e	ə̑nem poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
2SG:	poŋgaŋə̑nena ə̑l'e	ə̑net poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
3SG:	poŋgaŋə̑neže ə̑l'e	ə̑než poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
1PL:	poŋgaŋə̑nena ə̑l'e	ə̑nena poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
2PL:	poŋgaŋə̑neda ə̑l'e	ə̑neda poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e
3PL:	poŋgaŋə̑nešt ə̑l'e	ə̑nešt poŋgaŋe ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	poŋgaŋə̑net ulmaš	ə̑net poŋgaŋe ulmaš
3SG:	poŋgaŋə̑neže ulmaš	ə̑než poŋgaŋe ulmaš
1PL:	/	/
2PL:	poŋgaŋə̑neda ulmaš	ə̑neda poŋgaŋe ulmaš
3PL:	poŋgaŋə̑nešt ulmaš	ə̑nešt poŋgaŋe ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:	poŋgaŋaš
Necessitive infinitive:	poŋgaŋə̑man
Active participle:	poŋgaŋə̑še
Passive participle:	poŋgaŋə̑me
Future-necessitive participle:	poŋgaŋə̑šaš
Negative participle:	poŋgaŋə̑də̑me
Affirmative instructive gerund:	poŋgaŋen
Negative gerund:	poŋgaŋə̑de
Gerund of prior action:	poŋgaŋə̑mek(e)
Gerund of future action:	poŋgaŋə̑meš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:	poŋgaŋə̑šə̑la
Nominalization:	poŋgaŋə̑maš
Negative nominalization:	poŋgaŋə̑də̑maš


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Last update: 10 August 2023