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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltem | om puʒakalte |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltet | ot puʒakalte |
| 3SG: | puʒakalta | ok/ogeʃ puʒakalte |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltena | ona/ogəna puʒakalte |
| 2PL: | puʒakalteda | oda/ogəda puʒakalte |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltat | ogət puʒakalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltəʃəm | ʃəm puʒakalte |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ puʒakalte |
| 3SG: | puʒakaltəʃ | əʃ puʒakalte |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltəʃna | əʃna puʒakalte |
| 2PL: | puʒakaltəʃda | əʃda puʒakalte |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltəʃt | əʃt puʒakalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltenam | puʒakalten oməl |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltenat | puʒakalten otəl |
| 3SG: | puʒakalten | puʒakalten ogəl |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltenːa | puʒakalten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | puʒakaltenda | puʒakalten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltenət | puʒakalten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltem əʎe | om puʒakalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltet əʎe | ot puʒakalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | puʒakalta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ puʒakalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltena əʎe | ona/ogəna puʒakalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | puʒakalteda əʎe | oda/ogəda puʒakalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltat əʎe | ogət puʒakalte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltem ulmaʃ | om puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltet ulmaʃ | ot puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | puʒakalta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | puʒakalteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltat ulmaʃ | ogət puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltenam əʎe | puʒakalten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltenat əʎe | puʒakalten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | puʒakalten əʎe | puʒakalten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltenːa əʎe | puʒakalten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | puʒakaltenda əʎe | puʒakalten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | puʒakalten əʎe | puʒakalten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltenam ulmaʃ | puʒakalten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltenat ulmaʃ | puʒakalten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | puʒakalten ulmaʃ | puʒakalten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltenːa ulmaʃ | puʒakalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | puʒakaltenda ulmaʃ | puʒakalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | puʒakalten ulmaʃ | puʒakalten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | puʒakalte | it puʒakalte |
| 3SG: | puʒakaltəʒe | ənʒe puʒakalte |
| 1PL: | (puʒakaltena) | (ona/ogəna puʒakalte) |
| 2PL: | puʒakaltəza | ida puʒakalte |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltəʃt | ənəʃt puʒakalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltənem | ənem puʒakalte |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltənet | ənet puʒakalte |
| 3SG: | puʒakaltəneʒe | əneʒ puʒakalte |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltənena | ənena puʒakalte |
| 2PL: | puʒakaltəneda | əneda puʒakalte |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltəneʃt | əneʃt puʒakalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒakaltənem əʎe | ənem puʒakalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltənena əʎe | ənet puʒakalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | puʒakaltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ puʒakalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | puʒakaltənena əʎe | ənena puʒakalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | puʒakaltəneda əʎe | əneda puʒakalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt puʒakalte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | puʒakaltənet ulmaʃ | ənet puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | puʒakaltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | puʒakaltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | puʒakaltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt puʒakalte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | puʒakaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | puʒakaltəman |
| Active participle: | puʒakaltəʃe |
| Passive participle: | puʒakaltəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | puʒakaltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | puʒakaltədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | puʒakalten |
| Negative gerund: | puʒakaltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | puʒakaltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | puʒakaltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | puʒakaltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | puʒakaltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | puʒakaltədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||