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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltem | om puʒkalalte |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltet | ot puʒkalalte |
| 3SG: | puʒkalalta | ok/ogeʃ puʒkalalte |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltena | ona/ogəna puʒkalalte |
| 2PL: | puʒkalalteda | oda/ogəda puʒkalalte |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltat | ogət puʒkalalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltəʃəm | ʃəm puʒkalalte |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ puʒkalalte |
| 3SG: | puʒkalaltəʃ | əʃ puʒkalalte |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltəʃna | əʃna puʒkalalte |
| 2PL: | puʒkalaltəʃda | əʃda puʒkalalte |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltəʃt | əʃt puʒkalalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltenam | puʒkalalten oməl |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltenat | puʒkalalten otəl |
| 3SG: | puʒkalalten | puʒkalalten ogəl |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltenːa | puʒkalalten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | puʒkalaltenda | puʒkalalten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltenət | puʒkalalten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltem əʎe | om puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltet əʎe | ot puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | puʒkalalta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltena əʎe | ona/ogəna puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | puʒkalalteda əʎe | oda/ogəda puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltat əʎe | ogət puʒkalalte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltem ulmaʃ | om puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltet ulmaʃ | ot puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | puʒkalalta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | puʒkalalteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltat ulmaʃ | ogət puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltenam əʎe | puʒkalalten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltenat əʎe | puʒkalalten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | puʒkalalten əʎe | puʒkalalten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltenːa əʎe | puʒkalalten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | puʒkalaltenda əʎe | puʒkalalten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | puʒkalalten əʎe | puʒkalalten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltenam ulmaʃ | puʒkalalten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltenat ulmaʃ | puʒkalalten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | puʒkalalten ulmaʃ | puʒkalalten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltenːa ulmaʃ | puʒkalalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | puʒkalaltenda ulmaʃ | puʒkalalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | puʒkalalten ulmaʃ | puʒkalalten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | puʒkalalte | it puʒkalalte |
| 3SG: | puʒkalaltəʒe | ənʒe puʒkalalte |
| 1PL: | (puʒkalaltena) | (ona/ogəna puʒkalalte) |
| 2PL: | puʒkalaltəza | ida puʒkalalte |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltəʃt | ənəʃt puʒkalalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltənem | ənem puʒkalalte |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltənet | ənet puʒkalalte |
| 3SG: | puʒkalaltəneʒe | əneʒ puʒkalalte |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltənena | ənena puʒkalalte |
| 2PL: | puʒkalaltəneda | əneda puʒkalalte |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltəneʃt | əneʃt puʒkalalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | puʒkalaltənem əʎe | ənem puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltənena əʎe | ənet puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | puʒkalaltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | puʒkalaltənena əʎe | ənena puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | puʒkalaltəneda əʎe | əneda puʒkalalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt puʒkalalte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | puʒkalaltənet ulmaʃ | ənet puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | puʒkalaltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | puʒkalaltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | puʒkalaltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt puʒkalalte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | puʒkalaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | puʒkalaltəman |
| Active participle: | puʒkalaltəʃe |
| Passive participle: | puʒkalaltəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | puʒkalaltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | puʒkalaltədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | puʒkalalten |
| Negative gerund: | puʒkalaltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | puʒkalaltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | puʒkalaltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | puʒkalaltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | puʒkalaltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | puʒkalaltədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||