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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtem | om ruəʃto |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtet | ot ruəʃto |
| 3SG: | ruəʃta | ok/ogeʃ ruəʃto |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtena | ona/ogəna ruəʃto |
| 2PL: | ruəʃteda | oda/ogəda ruəʃto |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtat | ogət ruəʃto |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtəʃəm | ʃəm ruəʃto |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ruəʃto |
| 3SG: | ruəʃtəʃ | əʃ ruəʃto |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtəʃna | əʃna ruəʃto |
| 2PL: | ruəʃtəʃda | əʃda ruəʃto |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtəʃt | əʃt ruəʃto |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtenam | ruəʃten oməl |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtenat | ruəʃten otəl |
| 3SG: | ruəʃten | ruəʃten ogəl |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtenːa | ruəʃten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ruəʃtenda | ruəʃten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtenət | ruəʃten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtem əʎe | om ruəʃto əʎe |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtet əʎe | ot ruəʃto əʎe |
| 3SG: | ruəʃta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ruəʃto əʎe |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtena əʎe | ona/ogəna ruəʃto əʎe |
| 2PL: | ruəʃteda əʎe | oda/ogəda ruəʃto əʎe |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtat əʎe | ogət ruəʃto əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtem ulmaʃ | om ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtet ulmaʃ | ot ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ruəʃta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ruəʃteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtat ulmaʃ | ogət ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtenam əʎe | ruəʃten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtenat əʎe | ruəʃten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ruəʃten əʎe | ruəʃten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtenːa əʎe | ruəʃten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ruəʃtenda əʎe | ruəʃten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ruəʃten əʎe | ruəʃten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtenam ulmaʃ | ruəʃten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtenat ulmaʃ | ruəʃten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ruəʃten ulmaʃ | ruəʃten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtenːa ulmaʃ | ruəʃten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ruəʃtenda ulmaʃ | ruəʃten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ruəʃten ulmaʃ | ruəʃten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ruəʃto | it ruəʃto |
| 3SG: | ruəʃtəʒo | ənʒe ruəʃto |
| 1PL: | (ruəʃtena) | (ona/ogəna ruəʃto) |
| 2PL: | ruəʃtəza | ida ruəʃto |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtəʃt | ənəʃt ruəʃto |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtənem | ənem ruəʃto |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtənet | ənet ruəʃto |
| 3SG: | ruəʃtəneʒe | əneʒ ruəʃto |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtənena | ənena ruəʃto |
| 2PL: | ruəʃtəneda | əneda ruəʃto |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtəneʃt | əneʃt ruəʃto |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ruəʃtənem əʎe | ənem ruəʃto əʎe |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtənena əʎe | ənet ruəʃto əʎe |
| 3SG: | ruəʃtəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ruəʃto əʎe |
| 1PL: | ruəʃtənena əʎe | ənena ruəʃto əʎe |
| 2PL: | ruəʃtəneda əʎe | əneda ruəʃto əʎe |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ruəʃto əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ruəʃtənet ulmaʃ | ənet ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ruəʃtəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ruəʃtəneda ulmaʃ | əneda ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ruəʃtəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ruəʃto ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ruəʃtaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ruəʃtəman |
| Active participle: | ruəʃtəʃo |
| Passive participle: | ruəʃtəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ruəʃtəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ruəʃtədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ruəʃten |
| Negative gerund: | ruəʃtəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ruəʃtəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ruəʃtəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ruəʃtəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ruəʃtəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ruəʃtədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||