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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltem | om sapnalte |
| 2SG: | sapnaltet | ot sapnalte |
| 3SG: | sapnalta | ok/ogeʃ sapnalte |
| 1PL: | sapnaltena | ona/ogəna sapnalte |
| 2PL: | sapnalteda | oda/ogəda sapnalte |
| 3PL: | sapnaltat | ogət sapnalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltəʃəm | ʃəm sapnalte |
| 2SG: | sapnaltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ sapnalte |
| 3SG: | sapnaltəʃ | əʃ sapnalte |
| 1PL: | sapnaltəʃna | əʃna sapnalte |
| 2PL: | sapnaltəʃda | əʃda sapnalte |
| 3PL: | sapnaltəʃt | əʃt sapnalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltenam | sapnalten oməl |
| 2SG: | sapnaltenat | sapnalten otəl |
| 3SG: | sapnalten | sapnalten ogəl |
| 1PL: | sapnaltenːa | sapnalten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | sapnaltenda | sapnalten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | sapnaltenət | sapnalten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltem əʎe | om sapnalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | sapnaltet əʎe | ot sapnalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | sapnalta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ sapnalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | sapnaltena əʎe | ona/ogəna sapnalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | sapnalteda əʎe | oda/ogəda sapnalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | sapnaltat əʎe | ogət sapnalte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltem ulmaʃ | om sapnalte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | sapnaltet ulmaʃ | ot sapnalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | sapnalta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ sapnalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | sapnaltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna sapnalte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | sapnalteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda sapnalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | sapnaltat ulmaʃ | ogət sapnalte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltenam əʎe | sapnalten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | sapnaltenat əʎe | sapnalten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | sapnalten əʎe | sapnalten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | sapnaltenːa əʎe | sapnalten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | sapnaltenda əʎe | sapnalten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | sapnalten əʎe | sapnalten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltenam ulmaʃ | sapnalten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | sapnaltenat ulmaʃ | sapnalten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | sapnalten ulmaʃ | sapnalten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | sapnaltenːa ulmaʃ | sapnalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | sapnaltenda ulmaʃ | sapnalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | sapnalten ulmaʃ | sapnalten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sapnalte | it sapnalte |
| 3SG: | sapnaltəʒe | ənʒe sapnalte |
| 1PL: | (sapnaltena) | (ona/ogəna sapnalte) |
| 2PL: | sapnaltəza | ida sapnalte |
| 3PL: | sapnaltəʃt | ənəʃt sapnalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltənem | ənem sapnalte |
| 2SG: | sapnaltənet | ənet sapnalte |
| 3SG: | sapnaltəneʒe | əneʒ sapnalte |
| 1PL: | sapnaltənena | ənena sapnalte |
| 2PL: | sapnaltəneda | əneda sapnalte |
| 3PL: | sapnaltəneʃt | əneʃt sapnalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sapnaltənem əʎe | ənem sapnalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | sapnaltənena əʎe | ənet sapnalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | sapnaltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ sapnalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | sapnaltənena əʎe | ənena sapnalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | sapnaltəneda əʎe | əneda sapnalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | sapnaltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt sapnalte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sapnaltənet ulmaʃ | ənet sapnalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | sapnaltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ sapnalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sapnaltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda sapnalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | sapnaltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt sapnalte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sapnaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sapnaltəman |
| Active participle: | sapnaltəʃe |
| Passive participle: | sapnaltəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sapnaltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | sapnaltədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sapnalten |
| Negative gerund: | sapnaltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | sapnaltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sapnaltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sapnaltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | sapnaltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | sapnaltədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||