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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojem | om spuskoβoj |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojet | ot spuskoβoj |
| 3SG: | spuskoβoja | ok/ogeʃ spuskoβoj |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojena | ona/ogəna spuskoβoj |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojeda | oda/ogəda spuskoβoj |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojat | ogət spuskoβoj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojəʃəm | ʃəm spuskoβoj |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ spuskoβoj |
| 3SG: | spuskoβojəʃ | əʃ spuskoβoj |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojəʃna | əʃna spuskoβoj |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojəʃda | əʃda spuskoβoj |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojəʃt | əʃt spuskoβoj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojenam | spuskoβojen oməl |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojenat | spuskoβojen otəl |
| 3SG: | spuskoβojen | spuskoβojen ogəl |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojenːa | spuskoβojen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojenda | spuskoβojen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojenət | spuskoβojen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojem əʎe | om spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojet əʎe | ot spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 3SG: | spuskoβoja əʎe | ok/ogeʃ spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojena əʎe | ona/ogəna spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojeda əʎe | oda/ogəda spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojat əʎe | ogət spuskoβoj əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojem ulmaʃ | om spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojet ulmaʃ | ot spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spuskoβoja ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojat ulmaʃ | ogət spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojenam əʎe | spuskoβojen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojenat əʎe | spuskoβojen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | spuskoβojen əʎe | spuskoβojen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojenːa əʎe | spuskoβojen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojenda əʎe | spuskoβojen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojen əʎe | spuskoβojen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojenam ulmaʃ | spuskoβojen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojenat ulmaʃ | spuskoβojen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spuskoβojen ulmaʃ | spuskoβojen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojenːa ulmaʃ | spuskoβojen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojenda ulmaʃ | spuskoβojen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojen ulmaʃ | spuskoβojen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spuskoβoj | it spuskoβoj |
| 3SG: | spuskoβojʒo | ənʒe spuskoβoj |
| 1PL: | (spuskoβojena) | (ona/ogəna spuskoβoj) |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojza | ida spuskoβoj |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojəʃt | ənəʃt spuskoβoj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojnem | ənem spuskoβoj |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojnet | ənet spuskoβoj |
| 3SG: | spuskoβojneʒe | əneʒ spuskoβoj |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojnena | ənena spuskoβoj |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojneda | əneda spuskoβoj |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojneʃt | əneʃt spuskoβoj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | spuskoβojnem əʎe | ənem spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojnena əʎe | ənet spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 3SG: | spuskoβojneʒe əʎe | əneʒ spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 1PL: | spuskoβojnena əʎe | ənena spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojneda əʎe | əneda spuskoβoj əʎe |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojneʃt əʎe | əneʃt spuskoβoj əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | spuskoβojnet ulmaʃ | ənet spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | spuskoβojneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | spuskoβojneda ulmaʃ | əneda spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | spuskoβojneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt spuskoβoj ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | spuskoβojaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | spuskoβojman |
| Active participle: | spuskoβojʃo |
| Passive participle: | spuskoβojmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | spuskoβojʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | spuskoβojdəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | spuskoβojen |
| Negative gerund: | spuskoβojde |
| Gerund of prior action: | spuskoβojmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | spuskoβojmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | spuskoβojʃəla |
| Nominalization: | spuskoβojmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | spuskoβojdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||