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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)jem | om sural-oš(o) |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)jet | ot sural-oš(o) |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)a | ok/ogeš sural-oš(o) |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)jena | ona/ogə̑na sural-oš(o) |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)jeda | oda/ogə̑da sural-oš(o) |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)at | ogə̑t sural-oš(o) |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)ə̑šə̑m | šə̑m sural-oš(o) |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)ə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ sural-oš(o) |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)ə̑š | ə̑š sural-oš(o) |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)ə̑šna | ə̑šna sural-oš(o) |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)ə̑šda | ə̑šda sural-oš(o) |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)ə̑št | ə̑št sural-oš(o) |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)jenam | sural-oš(o)jen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)jenat | sural-oš(o)jen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)jen | sural-oš(o)jen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)jenna | sural-oš(o)jen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)jenda | sural-oš(o)jen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)jenə̑t | sural-oš(o)jen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)jem ə̑l'e | om sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)jet ə̑l'e | ot sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)a ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)jena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)jeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)at ə̑l'e | ogə̑t sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)jem ulmaš | om sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)jet ulmaš | ot sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)a ulmaš | ok/ogeš sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)jena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)jeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)at ulmaš | ogə̑t sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)jenam ə̑l'e | sural-oš(o)jen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)jenat ə̑l'e | sural-oš(o)jen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)jen ə̑l'e | sural-oš(o)jen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)jenna ə̑l'e | sural-oš(o)jen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)jenda ə̑l'e | sural-oš(o)jen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)jen ə̑l'e | sural-oš(o)jen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)jenam ulmaš | sural-oš(o)jen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)jenat ulmaš | sural-oš(o)jen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)jen ulmaš | sural-oš(o)jen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)jenna ulmaš | sural-oš(o)jen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)jenda ulmaš | sural-oš(o)jen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)jen ulmaš | sural-oš(o)jen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o) | it sural-oš(o) |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)žo | ə̑nže sural-oš(o) |
| 1PL: | (sural-oš(o)jena) | (ona/ogə̑na sural-oš(o)) |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)za | ida sural-oš(o) |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)ə̑št | ə̑nə̑št sural-oš(o) |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)nem | ə̑nem sural-oš(o) |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)net | ə̑net sural-oš(o) |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)neže | ə̑než sural-oš(o) |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)nena | ə̑nena sural-oš(o) |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)neda | ə̑neda sural-oš(o) |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)nešt | ə̑nešt sural-oš(o) |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | sural-oš(o)nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | sural-oš(o)nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt sural-oš(o) ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | sural-oš(o)net ulmaš | ə̑net sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
| 3SG: | sural-oš(o)neže ulmaš | ə̑než sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | sural-oš(o)neda ulmaš | ə̑neda sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
| 3PL: | sural-oš(o)nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt sural-oš(o) ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | sural-oš(o)aš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | sural-oš(o)man |
| Active participle: | sural-oš(o)šo |
| Passive participle: | sural-oš(o)mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | sural-oš(o)šaš |
| Negative participle: | sural-oš(o)də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | sural-oš(o)jen |
| Negative gerund: | sural-oš(o)de |
| Gerund of prior action: | sural-oš(o)mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | sural-oš(o)meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | sural-oš(o)šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | sural-oš(o)maš |
| Negative nominalization: | sural-oš(o)də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||