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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtem | om toʃkeʃte |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtet | ot toʃkeʃte |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃta | ok/ogeʃ toʃkeʃte |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtena | ona/ogəna toʃkeʃte |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃteda | oda/ogəda toʃkeʃte |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtat | ogət toʃkeʃte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtəʃəm | ʃəm toʃkeʃte |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ toʃkeʃte |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃtəʃ | əʃ toʃkeʃte |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtəʃna | əʃna toʃkeʃte |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃtəʃda | əʃda toʃkeʃte |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtəʃt | əʃt toʃkeʃte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtenam | toʃkeʃten oməl |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtenat | toʃkeʃten otəl |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃten | toʃkeʃten ogəl |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtenːa | toʃkeʃten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃtenda | toʃkeʃten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtenət | toʃkeʃten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtem əʎe | om toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtet əʎe | ot toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtena əʎe | ona/ogəna toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃteda əʎe | oda/ogəda toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtat əʎe | ogət toʃkeʃte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtem ulmaʃ | om toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtet ulmaʃ | ot toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtat ulmaʃ | ogət toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtenam əʎe | toʃkeʃten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtenat əʎe | toʃkeʃten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃten əʎe | toʃkeʃten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtenːa əʎe | toʃkeʃten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃtenda əʎe | toʃkeʃten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃten əʎe | toʃkeʃten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtenam ulmaʃ | toʃkeʃten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtenat ulmaʃ | toʃkeʃten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃten ulmaʃ | toʃkeʃten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtenːa ulmaʃ | toʃkeʃten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃtenda ulmaʃ | toʃkeʃten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃten ulmaʃ | toʃkeʃten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃte | it toʃkeʃte |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃtəʒe | ənʒe toʃkeʃte |
| 1PL: | (toʃkeʃtena) | (ona/ogəna toʃkeʃte) |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃtəza | ida toʃkeʃte |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtəʃt | ənəʃt toʃkeʃte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtənem | ənem toʃkeʃte |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtənet | ənet toʃkeʃte |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃtəneʒe | əneʒ toʃkeʃte |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtənena | ənena toʃkeʃte |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃtəneda | əneda toʃkeʃte |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtəneʃt | əneʃt toʃkeʃte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | toʃkeʃtənem əʎe | ənem toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtənena əʎe | ənet toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃtəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 1PL: | toʃkeʃtənena əʎe | ənena toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃtəneda əʎe | əneda toʃkeʃte əʎe |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt toʃkeʃte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toʃkeʃtənet ulmaʃ | ənet toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toʃkeʃtəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toʃkeʃtəneda ulmaʃ | əneda toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toʃkeʃtəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt toʃkeʃte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toʃkeʃtaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toʃkeʃtəman |
| Active participle: | toʃkeʃtəʃe |
| Passive participle: | toʃkeʃtəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toʃkeʃtəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | toʃkeʃtədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toʃkeʃten |
| Negative gerund: | toʃkeʃtəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | toʃkeʃtəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toʃkeʃtəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toʃkeʃtəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | toʃkeʃtəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | toʃkeʃtədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||