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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltem | om tojalte |
| 2SG: | tojaltet | ot tojalte |
| 3SG: | tojalta | ok/ogeš tojalte |
| 1PL: | tojaltena | ona/ogə̑na tojalte |
| 2PL: | tojalteda | oda/ogə̑da tojalte |
| 3PL: | tojaltat | ogə̑t tojalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltə̑šə̑m | šə̑m tojalte |
| 2SG: | tojaltə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tojalte |
| 3SG: | tojaltə̑š | ə̑š tojalte |
| 1PL: | tojaltə̑šna | ə̑šna tojalte |
| 2PL: | tojaltə̑šda | ə̑šda tojalte |
| 3PL: | tojaltə̑št | ə̑št tojalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltenam | tojalten omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tojaltenat | tojalten otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tojalten | tojalten ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tojaltenna | tojalten onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tojaltenda | tojalten odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tojaltenə̑t | tojalten ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltem ə̑l'e | om tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tojaltet ə̑l'e | ot tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tojalta ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tojaltena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tojalteda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tojaltat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tojalte ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltem ulmaš | om tojalte ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tojaltet ulmaš | ot tojalte ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tojalta ulmaš | ok/ogeš tojalte ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tojaltena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tojalte ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tojalteda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tojalte ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tojaltat ulmaš | ogə̑t tojalte ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltenam ə̑l'e | tojalten omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tojaltenat ə̑l'e | tojalten otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tojalten ə̑l'e | tojalten ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tojaltenna ə̑l'e | tojalten onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tojaltenda ə̑l'e | tojalten odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tojalten ə̑l'e | tojalten ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltenam ulmaš | tojalten omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tojaltenat ulmaš | tojalten otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tojalten ulmaš | tojalten ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tojaltenna ulmaš | tojalten onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tojaltenda ulmaš | tojalten odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tojalten ulmaš | tojalten ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tojalte | it tojalte |
| 3SG: | tojaltə̑že | ə̑nže tojalte |
| 1PL: | (tojaltena) | (ona/ogə̑na tojalte) |
| 2PL: | tojaltə̑za | ida tojalte |
| 3PL: | tojaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št tojalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltə̑nem | ə̑nem tojalte |
| 2SG: | tojaltə̑net | ə̑net tojalte |
| 3SG: | tojaltə̑neže | ə̑než tojalte |
| 1PL: | tojaltə̑nena | ə̑nena tojalte |
| 2PL: | tojaltə̑neda | ə̑neda tojalte |
| 3PL: | tojaltə̑nešt | ə̑nešt tojalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tojaltə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tojaltə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tojaltə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tojaltə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tojaltə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tojalte ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tojaltə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tojalte ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tojaltə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net tojalte ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tojaltə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než tojalte ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tojaltə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda tojalte ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tojaltə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tojalte ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tojaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tojaltə̑man |
| Active participle: | tojaltə̑še |
| Passive participle: | tojaltə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tojaltə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | tojaltə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tojalten |
| Negative gerund: | tojaltə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | tojaltə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tojaltə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tojaltə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tojaltə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | tojaltə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||