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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamem | om turame |
| 2SG: | turamet | ot turame |
| 3SG: | turama | ok/ogeš turame |
| 1PL: | turamena | ona/ogə̑na turame |
| 2PL: | turameda | oda/ogə̑da turame |
| 3PL: | turamat | ogə̑t turame |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamə̑šə̑m | šə̑m turame |
| 2SG: | turamə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ turame |
| 3SG: | turamə̑š | ə̑š turame |
| 1PL: | turamə̑šna | ə̑šna turame |
| 2PL: | turamə̑šda | ə̑šda turame |
| 3PL: | turamə̑št | ə̑št turame |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamenam | turamen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | turamenat | turamen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | turamen | turamen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | turamenna | turamen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | turamenda | turamen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | turamenə̑t | turamen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamem ə̑l'e | om turame ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | turamet ə̑l'e | ot turame ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | turama ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš turame ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | turamena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na turame ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | turameda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da turame ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | turamat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t turame ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamem ulmaš | om turame ulmaš |
| 2SG: | turamet ulmaš | ot turame ulmaš |
| 3SG: | turama ulmaš | ok/ogeš turame ulmaš |
| 1PL: | turamena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na turame ulmaš |
| 2PL: | turameda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da turame ulmaš |
| 3PL: | turamat ulmaš | ogə̑t turame ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamenam ə̑l'e | turamen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | turamenat ə̑l'e | turamen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | turamen ə̑l'e | turamen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | turamenna ə̑l'e | turamen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | turamenda ə̑l'e | turamen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | turamen ə̑l'e | turamen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamenam ulmaš | turamen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | turamenat ulmaš | turamen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | turamen ulmaš | turamen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | turamenna ulmaš | turamen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | turamenda ulmaš | turamen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | turamen ulmaš | turamen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | turame | it turame |
| 3SG: | turamə̑že | ə̑nže turame |
| 1PL: | (turamena) | (ona/ogə̑na turame) |
| 2PL: | turamə̑za | ida turame |
| 3PL: | turamə̑št | ə̑nə̑št turame |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamə̑nem | ə̑nem turame |
| 2SG: | turamə̑net | ə̑net turame |
| 3SG: | turamə̑neže | ə̑než turame |
| 1PL: | turamə̑nena | ə̑nena turame |
| 2PL: | turamə̑neda | ə̑neda turame |
| 3PL: | turamə̑nešt | ə̑nešt turame |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem turame ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | turamə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net turame ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | turamə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než turame ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | turamə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena turame ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | turamə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda turame ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | turamə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt turame ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | turamə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net turame ulmaš |
| 3SG: | turamə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než turame ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | turamə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda turame ulmaš |
| 3PL: | turamə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt turame ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | turamaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | turamə̑man |
| Active participle: | turamə̑še |
| Passive participle: | turamə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | turamə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | turamə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | turamen |
| Negative gerund: | turamə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | turamə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | turamə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | turamə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | turamə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | turamə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||