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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamem | om turame |
| 2SG: | turamet | ot turame |
| 3SG: | turama | ok/ogeʃ turame |
| 1PL: | turamena | ona/ogəna turame |
| 2PL: | turameda | oda/ogəda turame |
| 3PL: | turamat | ogət turame |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaməʃəm | ʃəm turame |
| 2SG: | turaməʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ turame |
| 3SG: | turaməʃ | əʃ turame |
| 1PL: | turaməʃna | əʃna turame |
| 2PL: | turaməʃda | əʃda turame |
| 3PL: | turaməʃt | əʃt turame |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamenam | turamen oməl |
| 2SG: | turamenat | turamen otəl |
| 3SG: | turamen | turamen ogəl |
| 1PL: | turamenːa | turamen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | turamenda | turamen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | turamenət | turamen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamem əʎe | om turame əʎe |
| 2SG: | turamet əʎe | ot turame əʎe |
| 3SG: | turama əʎe | ok/ogeʃ turame əʎe |
| 1PL: | turamena əʎe | ona/ogəna turame əʎe |
| 2PL: | turameda əʎe | oda/ogəda turame əʎe |
| 3PL: | turamat əʎe | ogət turame əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamem ulmaʃ | om turame ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | turamet ulmaʃ | ot turame ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | turama ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ turame ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | turamena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna turame ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | turameda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda turame ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | turamat ulmaʃ | ogət turame ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamenam əʎe | turamen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | turamenat əʎe | turamen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | turamen əʎe | turamen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | turamenːa əʎe | turamen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | turamenda əʎe | turamen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | turamen əʎe | turamen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamenam ulmaʃ | turamen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | turamenat ulmaʃ | turamen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | turamen ulmaʃ | turamen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | turamenːa ulmaʃ | turamen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | turamenda ulmaʃ | turamen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | turamen ulmaʃ | turamen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | turame | it turame |
| 3SG: | turaməʒe | ənʒe turame |
| 1PL: | (turamena) | (ona/ogəna turame) |
| 2PL: | turaməza | ida turame |
| 3PL: | turaməʃt | ənəʃt turame |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamənem | ənem turame |
| 2SG: | turamənet | ənet turame |
| 3SG: | turaməneʒe | əneʒ turame |
| 1PL: | turamənena | ənena turame |
| 2PL: | turaməneda | əneda turame |
| 3PL: | turaməneʃt | əneʃt turame |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turamənem əʎe | ənem turame əʎe |
| 2SG: | turamənena əʎe | ənet turame əʎe |
| 3SG: | turaməneʒe əʎe | əneʒ turame əʎe |
| 1PL: | turamənena əʎe | ənena turame əʎe |
| 2PL: | turaməneda əʎe | əneda turame əʎe |
| 3PL: | turaməneʃt əʎe | əneʃt turame əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | turamənet ulmaʃ | ənet turame ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | turaməneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ turame ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | turaməneda ulmaʃ | əneda turame ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | turaməneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt turame ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | turamaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | turaməman |
| Active participle: | turaməʃe |
| Passive participle: | turaməme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | turaməʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | turamədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | turamen |
| Negative gerund: | turaməde |
| Gerund of prior action: | turaməmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | turaməmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | turaməʃəla |
| Nominalization: | turaməmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | turamədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||