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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋem | om turaŋe |
| 2SG: | turaŋet | ot turaŋe |
| 3SG: | turaŋa | ok/ogeš turaŋe |
| 1PL: | turaŋena | ona/ogə̑na turaŋe |
| 2PL: | turaŋeda | oda/ogə̑da turaŋe |
| 3PL: | turaŋat | ogə̑t turaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋə̑šə̑m | šə̑m turaŋe |
| 2SG: | turaŋə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ turaŋe |
| 3SG: | turaŋə̑š | ə̑š turaŋe |
| 1PL: | turaŋə̑šna | ə̑šna turaŋe |
| 2PL: | turaŋə̑šda | ə̑šda turaŋe |
| 3PL: | turaŋə̑št | ə̑št turaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋenam | turaŋen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | turaŋenat | turaŋen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | turaŋen | turaŋen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | turaŋenna | turaŋen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | turaŋenda | turaŋen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | turaŋenə̑t | turaŋen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋem ə̑l'e | om turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | turaŋet ə̑l'e | ot turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | turaŋa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | turaŋena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | turaŋeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | turaŋat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t turaŋe ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋem ulmaš | om turaŋe ulmaš |
| 2SG: | turaŋet ulmaš | ot turaŋe ulmaš |
| 3SG: | turaŋa ulmaš | ok/ogeš turaŋe ulmaš |
| 1PL: | turaŋena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na turaŋe ulmaš |
| 2PL: | turaŋeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da turaŋe ulmaš |
| 3PL: | turaŋat ulmaš | ogə̑t turaŋe ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋenam ə̑l'e | turaŋen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | turaŋenat ə̑l'e | turaŋen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | turaŋen ə̑l'e | turaŋen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | turaŋenna ə̑l'e | turaŋen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | turaŋenda ə̑l'e | turaŋen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | turaŋen ə̑l'e | turaŋen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋenam ulmaš | turaŋen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | turaŋenat ulmaš | turaŋen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | turaŋen ulmaš | turaŋen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | turaŋenna ulmaš | turaŋen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | turaŋenda ulmaš | turaŋen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | turaŋen ulmaš | turaŋen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | turaŋe | it turaŋe |
| 3SG: | turaŋə̑že | ə̑nže turaŋe |
| 1PL: | (turaŋena) | (ona/ogə̑na turaŋe) |
| 2PL: | turaŋə̑za | ida turaŋe |
| 3PL: | turaŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št turaŋe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋə̑nem | ə̑nem turaŋe |
| 2SG: | turaŋə̑net | ə̑net turaŋe |
| 3SG: | turaŋə̑neže | ə̑než turaŋe |
| 1PL: | turaŋə̑nena | ə̑nena turaŋe |
| 2PL: | turaŋə̑neda | ə̑neda turaŋe |
| 3PL: | turaŋə̑nešt | ə̑nešt turaŋe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | turaŋə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | turaŋə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | turaŋə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | turaŋə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | turaŋə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda turaŋe ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | turaŋə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt turaŋe ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | turaŋə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net turaŋe ulmaš |
| 3SG: | turaŋə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než turaŋe ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | turaŋə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda turaŋe ulmaš |
| 3PL: | turaŋə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt turaŋe ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | turaŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | turaŋə̑man |
| Active participle: | turaŋə̑še |
| Passive participle: | turaŋə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | turaŋə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | turaŋə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | turaŋen |
| Negative gerund: | turaŋə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | turaŋə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | turaŋə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | turaŋə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | turaŋə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | turaŋə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||