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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanem | om tušman |
| 2SG: | tušmanet | ot tušman |
| 3SG: | tušmana | ok/ogeš tušman |
| 1PL: | tušmanena | ona/ogə̑na tušman |
| 2PL: | tušmaneda | oda/ogə̑da tušman |
| 3PL: | tušmanat | ogə̑t tušman |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanə̑šə̑m | šə̑m tušman |
| 2SG: | tušmanə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tušman |
| 3SG: | tušmanə̑š | ə̑š tušman |
| 1PL: | tušmanə̑šna | ə̑šna tušman |
| 2PL: | tušmanə̑šda | ə̑šda tušman |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑št | ə̑št tušman |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanenam | tušmanen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tušmanenat | tušmanen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tušmanen | tušmanen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tušmanenna | tušmanen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tušmanenda | tušmanen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tušmanenə̑t | tušmanen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanem ə̑l'e | om tušman ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tušmanet ə̑l'e | ot tušman ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tušmana ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tušman ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tušmanena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tušman ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tušmaneda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tušman ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tušmanat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tušman ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanem ulmaš | om tušman ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tušmanet ulmaš | ot tušman ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tušmana ulmaš | ok/ogeš tušman ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tušmanena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tušman ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tušmaneda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tušman ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tušmanat ulmaš | ogə̑t tušman ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanenam ə̑l'e | tušmanen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tušmanenat ə̑l'e | tušmanen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tušmanen ə̑l'e | tušmanen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tušmanenna ə̑l'e | tušmanen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tušmanenda ə̑l'e | tušmanen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tušmanen ə̑l'e | tušmanen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmanenam ulmaš | tušmanen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tušmanenat ulmaš | tušmanen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tušmanen ulmaš | tušmanen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tušmanenna ulmaš | tušmanen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tušmanenda ulmaš | tušmanen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tušmanen ulmaš | tušmanen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tušman | it tušman |
| 3SG: | tušmanže | ə̑nže tušman |
| 1PL: | (tušmanena) | (ona/ogə̑na tušman) |
| 2PL: | tušmanza | ida tušman |
| 3PL: | tušmanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št tušman |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmannem | ə̑nem tušman |
| 2SG: | tušmannet | ə̑net tušman |
| 3SG: | tušmanneže | ə̑než tušman |
| 1PL: | tušmannena | ə̑nena tušman |
| 2PL: | tušmanneda | ə̑neda tušman |
| 3PL: | tušmannešt | ə̑nešt tušman |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tušmannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tušman ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tušmannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tušman ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tušmanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tušman ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tušmannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tušman ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tušmanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tušman ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tušmannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tušman ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tušmannet ulmaš | ə̑net tušman ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tušmanneže ulmaš | ə̑než tušman ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tušmanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda tušman ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tušmannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tušman ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tušmanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tušmanman |
| Active participle: | tušmanše |
| Passive participle: | tušmanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tušmanšaš |
| Negative participle: | tušmandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tušmanen |
| Negative gerund: | tušmande |
| Gerund of prior action: | tušmanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tušmanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tušmanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tušmanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | tušmandə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||