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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋem | om ʃopkaŋe |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋet | ot ʃopkaŋe |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋa | ok/ogeʃ ʃopkaŋe |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋena | ona/ogəna ʃopkaŋe |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋeda | oda/ogəda ʃopkaŋe |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋat | ogət ʃopkaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋəʃəm | ʃəm ʃopkaŋe |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʃopkaŋe |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋəʃ | əʃ ʃopkaŋe |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋəʃna | əʃna ʃopkaŋe |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋəʃda | əʃda ʃopkaŋe |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋəʃt | əʃt ʃopkaŋe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋenam | ʃopkaŋen oməl |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋenat | ʃopkaŋen otəl |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋen | ʃopkaŋen ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋenːa | ʃopkaŋen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋenda | ʃopkaŋen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋenət | ʃopkaŋen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋem əʎe | om ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋet əʎe | ot ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋena əʎe | ona/ogəna ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋeda əʎe | oda/ogəda ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋat əʎe | ogət ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋem ulmaʃ | om ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋet ulmaʃ | ot ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋat ulmaʃ | ogət ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋenam əʎe | ʃopkaŋen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋenat əʎe | ʃopkaŋen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋen əʎe | ʃopkaŋen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋenːa əʎe | ʃopkaŋen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋenda əʎe | ʃopkaŋen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋen əʎe | ʃopkaŋen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋenam ulmaʃ | ʃopkaŋen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋenat ulmaʃ | ʃopkaŋen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋen ulmaʃ | ʃopkaŋen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋenːa ulmaʃ | ʃopkaŋen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋenda ulmaʃ | ʃopkaŋen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋen ulmaʃ | ʃopkaŋen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋe | it ʃopkaŋe |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋəʒe | ənʒe ʃopkaŋe |
| 1PL: | (ʃopkaŋena) | (ona/ogəna ʃopkaŋe) |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋəza | ida ʃopkaŋe |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋəʃt | ənəʃt ʃopkaŋe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋənem | ənem ʃopkaŋe |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋənet | ənet ʃopkaŋe |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋəneʒe | əneʒ ʃopkaŋe |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋənena | ənena ʃopkaŋe |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋəneda | əneda ʃopkaŋe |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋəneʃt | əneʃt ʃopkaŋe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃopkaŋənem əʎe | ənem ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋənena əʎe | ənet ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃopkaŋənena əʎe | ənena ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋəneda əʎe | əneda ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʃopkaŋe əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃopkaŋənet ulmaʃ | ənet ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃopkaŋəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʃopkaŋəneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃopkaŋəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʃopkaŋe ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʃopkaŋaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʃopkaŋəman |
| Active participle: | ʃopkaŋəʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʃopkaŋəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʃopkaŋəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʃopkaŋədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʃopkaŋen |
| Negative gerund: | ʃopkaŋəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʃopkaŋəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʃopkaŋəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʃopkaŋəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʃopkaŋəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʃopkaŋədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||