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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruś |
| Genitive: | ruśən |
| Dative: | ruślan |
| Accusative: | ruśəm |
| Comparative: | ruśla |
| Comitative: | ruśge |
| Inessive: | ruśəʃto |
| Illative: | ruśəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | ruśeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ruśem |
| 2SG: | ruśet |
| 3SG: | ruśʃo |
| 1PL: | ruśna |
| 2PL: | ruśda |
| 3PL: | ruśəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruś-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruś-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ruśla |
| Sociative Plural: | ruśmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ruśem | ruś-βlak | ruś-βlakem, ruśem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ruśemən | ruś-βlakən | ruś-βlakemən, ruśem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ruśemlan, ruślanem | ruś-βlaklan | ruś-βlakemlan, ruśem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ruśeməm | ruś-βlakəm | ruś-βlakeməm, ruśem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ruśemla, ruślam | ruś-βlakla | ruś-βlakemla, ruśem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ruśemge | ruś-βlakge | ruś-βlakemge, ruśem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ruśəʃtem | ruś-βlakəʃte | ruś-βlakəʃtem, ruśem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ruśəʃkem | ruś-βlakəʃ(ke) | ruś-βlakəʃkem, ruśem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruśeʃem | ruś-βlakeʃ | ruś-βlakeʃem, ruśem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||