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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | bil'jardnə̑j |
Genitive: | bil'jardnə̑jə̑n |
Dative: | bil'jardnə̑jlan |
Accusative: | bil'jardnə̑jə̑m |
Comparative: | bil'jardnə̑jla |
Comitative: | bil'jardnə̑jge |
Inessive: | bil'jardnə̑jə̑šte |
Illative: | bil'jardnə̑jə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | bil'jardnə̑ješ |
1SG: | bil'jardnə̑jem |
2SG: | bil'jardnə̑jet |
3SG: | bil'jardnə̑jže |
1PL: | bil'jardnə̑jna |
2PL: | bil'jardnə̑jda |
3PL: | bil'jardnə̑jə̑št |
Plural (1): | bil'jardnə̑j-βlak |
Plural (2): | bil'jardnə̑j-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | bil'jardnə̑jla |
Sociative Plural: | bil'jardnə̑jmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | bil'jardnə̑jem | bil'jardnə̑j-βlak | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakem, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlak |
Genitive: | bil'jardnə̑jemə̑n | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakə̑n | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakemə̑n, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | bil'jardnə̑jemlan, bil'jardnə̑jlanem | bil'jardnə̑j-βlaklan | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakemlan, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | bil'jardnə̑jemə̑m | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakə̑m | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakemə̑m, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | bil'jardnə̑jemla, bil'jardnə̑jlam | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakla | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakemla, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlakla |
Comitative: | bil'jardnə̑jemge | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakge | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakemge, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlakge |
Inessive: | bil'jardnə̑jə̑štem | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakə̑šte | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakə̑štem, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | bil'jardnə̑jə̑škem | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakə̑š(ke) | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakə̑škem, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | bil'jardnə̑ješem | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakeš | bil'jardnə̑j-βlakešem, bil'jardnə̑jem-βlakeš |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |