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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | birke |
| Genitive: | birkə̑n |
| Dative: | birkə̑lan |
| Accusative: | birkə̑m |
| Comparative: | birkə̑la |
| Comitative: | birkə̑ge |
| Inessive: | birkə̑šte |
| Illative: | birkə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | birkeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | birkem |
| 2SG: | birket |
| 3SG: | birkə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | birkə̑na |
| 2PL: | birkə̑da |
| 3PL: | birkə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | birke-βlak |
| Plural (2): | birke-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | birkə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | birkə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | birkem | birke-βlak | birke-βlakem, birkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | birkemə̑n | birke-βlakə̑n | birke-βlakemə̑n, birkem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | birkemlan, birkə̑lanem | birke-βlaklan | birke-βlakemlan, birkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | birkemə̑m | birke-βlakə̑m | birke-βlakemə̑m, birkem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | birkemla, birkə̑lam | birke-βlakla | birke-βlakemla, birkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | birkemge | birke-βlakge | birke-βlakemge, birkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | birkə̑štem | birke-βlakə̑šte | birke-βlakə̑štem, birkem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | birkə̑škem | birke-βlakə̑š(ke) | birke-βlakə̑škem, birkem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | birkešem | birke-βlakeš | birke-βlakešem, birkem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||