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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | birke |
| Genitive: | birkən |
| Dative: | birkəlan |
| Accusative: | birkəm |
| Comparative: | birkəla |
| Comitative: | birkəge |
| Inessive: | birkəʃte |
| Illative: | birkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | birkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | birkem |
| 2SG: | birket |
| 3SG: | birkəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | birkəna |
| 2PL: | birkəda |
| 3PL: | birkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | birke-βlak |
| Plural (2): | birke-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | birkəla |
| Sociative Plural: | birkəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | birkem | birke-βlak | birke-βlakem, birkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | birkemən | birke-βlakən | birke-βlakemən, birkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | birkemlan, birkəlanem | birke-βlaklan | birke-βlakemlan, birkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | birkeməm | birke-βlakəm | birke-βlakeməm, birkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | birkemla, birkəlam | birke-βlakla | birke-βlakemla, birkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | birkemge | birke-βlakge | birke-βlakemge, birkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | birkəʃtem | birke-βlakəʃte | birke-βlakəʃtem, birkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | birkəʃkem | birke-βlakəʃ(ke) | birke-βlakəʃkem, birkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | birkeʃem | birke-βlakeʃ | birke-βlakeʃem, birkem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||