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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | bitum |
| Genitive: | bitumən |
| Dative: | bitumlan |
| Accusative: | bituməm |
| Comparative: | bitumla |
| Comitative: | bitumge |
| Inessive: | bituməʃto |
| Illative: | bituməʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | bitumeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | bitumem |
| 2SG: | bitumet |
| 3SG: | bitumʒo |
| 1PL: | bitumna |
| 2PL: | bitumda |
| 3PL: | bituməʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | bitum-βlak |
| Plural (2): | bitum-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | bitumla |
| Sociative Plural: | bitumːət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | bitumem | bitum-βlak | bitum-βlakem, bitumem-βlak |
| Genitive: | bitumemən | bitum-βlakən | bitum-βlakemən, bitumem-βlakən |
| Dative: | bitumemlan, bitumlanem | bitum-βlaklan | bitum-βlakemlan, bitumem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | bitumeməm | bitum-βlakəm | bitum-βlakeməm, bitumem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | bitumemla, bitumlam | bitum-βlakla | bitum-βlakemla, bitumem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | bitumemge | bitum-βlakge | bitum-βlakemge, bitumem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | bituməʃtem | bitum-βlakəʃte | bitum-βlakəʃtem, bitumem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | bituməʃkem | bitum-βlakəʃ(ke) | bitum-βlakəʃkem, bitumem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | bitumeʃem | bitum-βlakeʃ | bitum-βlakeʃem, bitumem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||