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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | bortʒurnal |
| Genitive: | bortʒurnalən |
| Dative: | bortʒurnalːan |
| Accusative: | bortʒurnaləm |
| Comparative: | bortʒurnalːa |
| Comitative: | bortʒurnalge |
| Inessive: | bortʒurnaləʃte |
| Illative: | bortʒurnaləʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | bortʒurnaleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | bortʒurnalem |
| 2SG: | bortʒurnalet |
| 3SG: | bortʒurnalʒe |
| 1PL: | bortʒurnalna |
| 2PL: | bortʒurnalda |
| 3PL: | bortʒurnaləʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | bortʒurnal-βlak |
| Plural (2): | bortʒurnal-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | bortʒurnalːa |
| Sociative Plural: | bortʒurnalmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | bortʒurnalem | bortʒurnal-βlak | bortʒurnal-βlakem, bortʒurnalem-βlak |
| Genitive: | bortʒurnalemən | bortʒurnal-βlakən | bortʒurnal-βlakemən, bortʒurnalem-βlakən |
| Dative: | bortʒurnalemlan, bortʒurnalːanem | bortʒurnal-βlaklan | bortʒurnal-βlakemlan, bortʒurnalem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | bortʒurnaleməm | bortʒurnal-βlakəm | bortʒurnal-βlakeməm, bortʒurnalem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | bortʒurnalemla, bortʒurnalːam | bortʒurnal-βlakla | bortʒurnal-βlakemla, bortʒurnalem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | bortʒurnalemge | bortʒurnal-βlakge | bortʒurnal-βlakemge, bortʒurnalem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | bortʒurnaləʃtem | bortʒurnal-βlakəʃte | bortʒurnal-βlakəʃtem, bortʒurnalem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | bortʒurnaləʃkem | bortʒurnal-βlakəʃ(ke) | bortʒurnal-βlakəʃkem, bortʒurnalem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | bortʒurnaleʃem | bortʒurnal-βlakeʃ | bortʒurnal-βlakeʃem, bortʒurnalem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||