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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | βitlaʃ |
Genitive: | βitlaʃən |
Dative: | βitlaʃlan |
Accusative: | βitlaʃəm |
Comparative: | βitlaʃla |
Comitative: | βitlaʃge |
Inessive: | βitlaʃte, βitlaʃəʃte |
Illative: | βitlaʃke, βitlaʃəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | βitlaʃeʃ |
1SG: | βitlaʃem |
2SG: | βitlaʃet |
3SG: | βitlaʃːe, βitlaʃəʒ(e) |
1PL: | βitlaʃna |
2PL: | βitlaʃda |
3PL: | βitlaʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | βitlaʃ-βlak |
Plural (2): | βitlaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | βitlaʃla |
Sociative Plural: | βitlaʃmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | βitlaʃem | βitlaʃ-βlak | βitlaʃ-βlakem, βitlaʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | βitlaʃemən | βitlaʃ-βlakən | βitlaʃ-βlakemən, βitlaʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | βitlaʃemlan, βitlaʃlanem | βitlaʃ-βlaklan | βitlaʃ-βlakemlan, βitlaʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | βitlaʃeməm | βitlaʃ-βlakəm | βitlaʃ-βlakeməm, βitlaʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | βitlaʃemla, βitlaʃlam | βitlaʃ-βlakla | βitlaʃ-βlakemla, βitlaʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | βitlaʃemge | βitlaʃ-βlakge | βitlaʃ-βlakemge, βitlaʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | βitlaʃtem, βitlaʃəʃtem | βitlaʃ-βlakəʃte | βitlaʃ-βlakəʃtem, βitlaʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | βitlaʃkem, βitlaʃəʃkem | βitlaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | βitlaʃ-βlakəʃkem, βitlaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | βitlaʃeʃem | βitlaʃ-βlakeʃ | βitlaʃ-βlakeʃem, βitlaʃem-βlakeʃ |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |