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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | βiš |
| Genitive: | βišə̑n |
| Dative: | βišlan |
| Accusative: | βišə̑m |
| Comparative: | βišla |
| Comitative: | βišge |
| Inessive: | βišə̑šte |
| Illative: | βišə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | βišeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | βišem |
| 2SG: | βišet |
| 3SG: | βišše, βišə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | βišna |
| 2PL: | βišda |
| 3PL: | βišə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | βiš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | βiš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | βišla |
| Sociative Plural: | βišmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | βišem | βiš-βlak | βiš-βlakem, βišem-βlak |
| Genitive: | βišemə̑n | βiš-βlakə̑n | βiš-βlakemə̑n, βišem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | βišemlan, βišlanem | βiš-βlaklan | βiš-βlakemlan, βišem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | βišemə̑m | βiš-βlakə̑m | βiš-βlakemə̑m, βišem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | βišemla, βišlam | βiš-βlakla | βiš-βlakemla, βišem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | βišemge | βiš-βlakge | βiš-βlakemge, βišem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | βišə̑štem | βiš-βlakə̑šte | βiš-βlakə̑štem, βišem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | βišə̑škem | βiš-βlakə̑š(ke) | βiš-βlakə̑škem, βišem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | βišešem | βiš-βlakeš | βiš-βlakešem, βišem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||