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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | βišńoβko |
| Genitive: | βišńoβkə̑n |
| Dative: | βišńoβkə̑lan |
| Accusative: | βišńoβkə̑m |
| Comparative: | βišńoβkə̑la |
| Comitative: | βišńoβkə̑ge |
| Inessive: | βišńoβkə̑što |
| Illative: | βišńoβkə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | βišńoβkeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | βišńoβkem |
| 2SG: | βišńoβket |
| 3SG: | βišńoβkə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | βišńoβkə̑na |
| 2PL: | βišńoβkə̑da |
| 3PL: | βišńoβkə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | βišńoβko-βlak |
| Plural (2): | βišńoβko-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | βišńoβkə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | βišńoβkə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | βišńoβkem | βišńoβko-βlak | βišńoβko-βlakem, βišńoβkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | βišńoβkemə̑n | βišńoβko-βlakə̑n | βišńoβko-βlakemə̑n, βišńoβkem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | βišńoβkemlan, βišńoβkə̑lanem | βišńoβko-βlaklan | βišńoβko-βlakemlan, βišńoβkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | βišńoβkemə̑m | βišńoβko-βlakə̑m | βišńoβko-βlakemə̑m, βišńoβkem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | βišńoβkemla, βišńoβkə̑lam | βišńoβko-βlakla | βišńoβko-βlakemla, βišńoβkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | βišńoβkemge | βišńoβko-βlakge | βišńoβko-βlakemge, βišńoβkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | βišńoβkə̑štem | βišńoβko-βlakə̑šte | βišńoβko-βlakə̑štem, βišńoβkem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | βišńoβkə̑škem | βišńoβko-βlakə̑š(ke) | βišńoβko-βlakə̑škem, βišńoβkem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | βišńoβkešem | βišńoβko-βlakeš | βišńoβko-βlakešem, βišńoβkem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||