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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | βiʃkəʎe |
Genitive: | βiʃkəʎən |
Dative: | βiʃkəʎəlan |
Accusative: | βiʃkəʎəm |
Comparative: | βiʃkəʎəla |
Comitative: | βiʃkəʎəge |
Inessive: | βiʃkəʎəʃte |
Illative: | βiʃkəʎəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | βiʃkəʎeʃ |
1SG: | βiʃkəʎem |
2SG: | βiʃkəʎet |
3SG: | βiʃkəʎəʒ(e) |
1PL: | βiʃkəʎəna |
2PL: | βiʃkəʎəda |
3PL: | βiʃkəʎəʃt |
Plural (1): | βiʃkəʎe-βlak |
Plural (2): | βiʃkəʎe-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | βiʃkəʎəla |
Sociative Plural: | βiʃkəʎəmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | βiʃkəʎem | βiʃkəʎe-βlak | βiʃkəʎe-βlakem, βiʃkəʎem-βlak |
Genitive: | βiʃkəʎemən | βiʃkəʎe-βlakən | βiʃkəʎe-βlakemən, βiʃkəʎem-βlakən |
Dative: | βiʃkəʎemlan, βiʃkəʎəlanem | βiʃkəʎe-βlaklan | βiʃkəʎe-βlakemlan, βiʃkəʎem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | βiʃkəʎeməm | βiʃkəʎe-βlakəm | βiʃkəʎe-βlakeməm, βiʃkəʎem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | βiʃkəʎemla, βiʃkəʎəlam | βiʃkəʎe-βlakla | βiʃkəʎe-βlakemla, βiʃkəʎem-βlakla |
Comitative: | βiʃkəʎemge | βiʃkəʎe-βlakge | βiʃkəʎe-βlakemge, βiʃkəʎem-βlakge |
Inessive: | βiʃkəʎəʃtem | βiʃkəʎe-βlakəʃte | βiʃkəʎe-βlakəʃtem, βiʃkəʎem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | βiʃkəʎəʃkem | βiʃkəʎe-βlakəʃ(ke) | βiʃkəʎe-βlakəʃkem, βiʃkəʎem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | βiʃkəʎeʃem | βiʃkəʎe-βlakeʃ | βiʃkəʎe-βlakeʃem, βiʃkəʎem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |