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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | βulno |
| Genitive: | βulnə̑n |
| Dative: | βulnə̑lan |
| Accusative: | βulnə̑m |
| Comparative: | βulnə̑la |
| Comitative: | βulnə̑ge |
| Inessive: | βulnə̑što |
| Illative: | βulnə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | βulneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | βulnem |
| 2SG: | βulnet |
| 3SG: | βulnə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | βulnə̑na |
| 2PL: | βulnə̑da |
| 3PL: | βulnə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | βulno-βlak |
| Plural (2): | βulno-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | βulnə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | βulnə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | βulnem | βulno-βlak | βulno-βlakem, βulnem-βlak |
| Genitive: | βulnemə̑n | βulno-βlakə̑n | βulno-βlakemə̑n, βulnem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | βulnemlan, βulnə̑lanem | βulno-βlaklan | βulno-βlakemlan, βulnem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | βulnemə̑m | βulno-βlakə̑m | βulno-βlakemə̑m, βulnem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | βulnemla, βulnə̑lam | βulno-βlakla | βulno-βlakemla, βulnem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | βulnemge | βulno-βlakge | βulno-βlakemge, βulnem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | βulnə̑štem | βulno-βlakə̑šte | βulno-βlakə̑štem, βulnem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | βulnə̑škem | βulno-βlakə̑š(ke) | βulno-βlakə̑škem, βulnem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | βulnešem | βulno-βlakeš | βulno-βlakešem, βulnem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||