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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | βut͡ɕəʃo |
| Genitive: | βut͡ɕəʃən |
| Dative: | βut͡ɕəʃəlan |
| Accusative: | βut͡ɕəʃəm |
| Comparative: | βut͡ɕəʃəla |
| Comitative: | βut͡ɕəʃəge |
| Inessive: | βut͡ɕəʃəʃto |
| Illative: | βut͡ɕəʃəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | βut͡ɕəʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | βut͡ɕəʃem |
| 2SG: | βut͡ɕəʃet |
| 3SG: | βut͡ɕəʃəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | βut͡ɕəʃəna |
| 2PL: | βut͡ɕəʃəda |
| 3PL: | βut͡ɕəʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | βut͡ɕəʃo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | βut͡ɕəʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | βut͡ɕəʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | βut͡ɕəʃem | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlak | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakem, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | βut͡ɕəʃemən | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakən | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakemən, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | βut͡ɕəʃemlan, βut͡ɕəʃəlanem | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlaklan | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakemlan, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | βut͡ɕəʃeməm | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakəm | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakeməm, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | βut͡ɕəʃemla, βut͡ɕəʃəlam | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakla | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakemla, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | βut͡ɕəʃemge | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakge | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakemge, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | βut͡ɕəʃəʃtem | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakəʃte | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakəʃtem, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | βut͡ɕəʃəʃkem | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakəʃ(ke) | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakəʃkem, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | βut͡ɕəʃeʃem | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakeʃ | βut͡ɕəʃo-βlakeʃem, βut͡ɕəʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||