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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | graʒdanin |
| Genitive: | graʒdaninən |
| Dative: | graʒdaninlan |
| Accusative: | graʒdaninəm |
| Comparative: | graʒdaninla |
| Comitative: | graʒdaninge |
| Inessive: | graʒdaninəʃte |
| Illative: | graʒdaninəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | graʒdanineʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | graʒdaninem |
| 2SG: | graʒdaninet |
| 3SG: | graʒdaninʒe |
| 1PL: | graʒdaninːa |
| 2PL: | graʒdaninda |
| 3PL: | graʒdaninəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | graʒdanin-βlak |
| Plural (2): | graʒdanin-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | graʒdaninla |
| Sociative Plural: | graʒdaninmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | graʒdaninem | graʒdanin-βlak | graʒdanin-βlakem, graʒdaninem-βlak |
| Genitive: | graʒdaninemən | graʒdanin-βlakən | graʒdanin-βlakemən, graʒdaninem-βlakən |
| Dative: | graʒdaninemlan, graʒdaninlanem | graʒdanin-βlaklan | graʒdanin-βlakemlan, graʒdaninem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | graʒdanineməm | graʒdanin-βlakəm | graʒdanin-βlakeməm, graʒdaninem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | graʒdaninemla, graʒdaninlam | graʒdanin-βlakla | graʒdanin-βlakemla, graʒdaninem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | graʒdaninemge | graʒdanin-βlakge | graʒdanin-βlakemge, graʒdaninem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | graʒdaninəʃtem | graʒdanin-βlakəʃte | graʒdanin-βlakəʃtem, graʒdaninem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | graʒdaninəʃkem | graʒdanin-βlakəʃ(ke) | graʒdanin-βlakəʃkem, graʒdaninem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | graʒdanineʃem | graʒdanin-βlakeʃ | graʒdanin-βlakeʃem, graʒdaninem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||