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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | gruz |
| Genitive: | gruzən |
| Dative: | gruzlan |
| Accusative: | gruzəm |
| Comparative: | gruzla |
| Comitative: | gruzge |
| Inessive: | gruzəʃto |
| Illative: | gruzəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | gruzeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | gruzem |
| 2SG: | gruzet |
| 3SG: | gruzʃo |
| 1PL: | gruzna |
| 2PL: | gruzda |
| 3PL: | gruzəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | gruz-βlak |
| Plural (2): | gruz-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | gruzla |
| Sociative Plural: | gruzmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | gruzem | gruz-βlak | gruz-βlakem, gruzem-βlak |
| Genitive: | gruzemən | gruz-βlakən | gruz-βlakemən, gruzem-βlakən |
| Dative: | gruzemlan, gruzlanem | gruz-βlaklan | gruz-βlakemlan, gruzem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | gruzeməm | gruz-βlakəm | gruz-βlakeməm, gruzem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | gruzemla, gruzlam | gruz-βlakla | gruz-βlakemla, gruzem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | gruzemge | gruz-βlakge | gruz-βlakemge, gruzem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | gruzəʃtem | gruz-βlakəʃte | gruz-βlakəʃtem, gruzem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | gruzəʃkem | gruz-βlakəʃ(ke) | gruz-βlakəʃkem, gruzem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | gruzeʃem | gruz-βlakeʃ | gruz-βlakeʃem, gruzem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||