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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | gruʃo |
Genitive: | gruʃən |
Dative: | gruʃəlan |
Accusative: | gruʃəm |
Comparative: | gruʃəla |
Comitative: | gruʃəge |
Inessive: | gruʃəʃto |
Illative: | gruʃəʃ(ko) |
Lative: | gruʃeʃ |
1SG: | gruʃem |
2SG: | gruʃet |
3SG: | gruʃəʒ(o) |
1PL: | gruʃəna |
2PL: | gruʃəda |
3PL: | gruʃəʃt |
Plural (1): | gruʃo-βlak |
Plural (2): | gruʃo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | gruʃəla |
Sociative Plural: | gruʃəmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | gruʃem | gruʃo-βlak | gruʃo-βlakem, gruʃem-βlak |
Genitive: | gruʃemən | gruʃo-βlakən | gruʃo-βlakemən, gruʃem-βlakən |
Dative: | gruʃemlan, gruʃəlanem | gruʃo-βlaklan | gruʃo-βlakemlan, gruʃem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | gruʃeməm | gruʃo-βlakəm | gruʃo-βlakeməm, gruʃem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | gruʃemla, gruʃəlam | gruʃo-βlakla | gruʃo-βlakemla, gruʃem-βlakla |
Comitative: | gruʃemge | gruʃo-βlakge | gruʃo-βlakemge, gruʃem-βlakge |
Inessive: | gruʃəʃtem | gruʃo-βlakəʃte | gruʃo-βlakəʃtem, gruʃem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | gruʃəʃkem | gruʃo-βlakəʃ(ke) | gruʃo-βlakəʃkem, gruʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | gruʃeʃem | gruʃo-βlakeʃ | gruʃo-βlakeʃem, gruʃem-βlakeʃ |
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