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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | gutla |
| Genitive: | gutlan |
| Dative: | gutlalan |
| Accusative: | gutlam |
| Comparative: | gutlala |
| Comitative: | gutlage |
| Inessive: | gutlašte |
| Illative: | gutlaš(ke) |
| Lative: | gutlaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | gutlam |
| 2SG: | gutlat |
| 3SG: | gutlaž(e) |
| 1PL: | gutlana |
| 2PL: | gutlada |
| 3PL: | gutlašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | gutla-βlak |
| Plural (2): | gutla-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | gutlala |
| Sociative Plural: | gutlamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | gutlam | gutla-βlak | gutla-βlakem, gutlam-βlak |
| Genitive: | gutlamə̑n | gutla-βlakə̑n | gutla-βlakemə̑n, gutlam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | gutlamlan, gutlalanem | gutla-βlaklan | gutla-βlakemlan, gutlam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | gutlamə̑m | gutla-βlakə̑m | gutla-βlakemə̑m, gutlam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | gutlamla, gutlalam | gutla-βlakla | gutla-βlakemla, gutlam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | gutlamge | gutla-βlakge | gutla-βlakemge, gutlam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | gutlaštem | gutla-βlakə̑šte | gutla-βlakə̑štem, gutlam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | gutlaškem | gutla-βlakə̑š(ke) | gutla-βlakə̑škem, gutlam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | gutlašem | gutla-βlakeš | gutla-βlakešem, gutlam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||