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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | gubko |
Genitive: | gubkən |
Dative: | gubkəlan |
Accusative: | gubkəm |
Comparative: | gubkəla |
Comitative: | gubkəge |
Inessive: | gubkəʃto |
Illative: | gubkəʃ(ko) |
Lative: | gubkeʃ |
1SG: | gubkem |
2SG: | gubket |
3SG: | gubkəʒ(o) |
1PL: | gubkəna |
2PL: | gubkəda |
3PL: | gubkəʃt |
Plural (1): | gubko-βlak |
Plural (2): | gubko-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | gubkəla |
Sociative Plural: | gubkəmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | gubkem | gubko-βlak | gubko-βlakem, gubkem-βlak |
Genitive: | gubkemən | gubko-βlakən | gubko-βlakemən, gubkem-βlakən |
Dative: | gubkemlan, gubkəlanem | gubko-βlaklan | gubko-βlakemlan, gubkem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | gubkeməm | gubko-βlakəm | gubko-βlakeməm, gubkem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | gubkemla, gubkəlam | gubko-βlakla | gubko-βlakemla, gubkem-βlakla |
Comitative: | gubkemge | gubko-βlakge | gubko-βlakemge, gubkem-βlakge |
Inessive: | gubkəʃtem | gubko-βlakəʃte | gubko-βlakəʃtem, gubkem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | gubkəʃkem | gubko-βlakəʃ(ke) | gubko-βlakəʃkem, gubkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | gubkeʃem | gubko-βlakeʃ | gubko-βlakeʃem, gubkem-βlakeʃ |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |